The Sources of International Air Law: Current Issues of Theory and Practice
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
INTRODUCTION. Within the context of the theory of ‘the concordance of the wills of States’ developed in the Russian doctrine of international law and on the basis of the contemporary practice of States and international aviation organizations (in particular, International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)) the author examines the process of rule-making and the sources of international air law. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The present research has been conducted on the basis of international air law treaties, the ICAO documents, as well as the works of Russian and foreign international law experts. The methodology of the research is based upon general scientific and special methods, including dialectical method, methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, comparative legal method. RESEARCH RESULTS. On the basis of his research the author has been able to identify and systematize the present-day sources of international air law, i.e. the forms, in which the norms of this branch of interna- tional law exist. Theoretical and practical problems relating to the development and implementation of these sources of international air law have been examined. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. On the basis of the theory of ‘the concordance of the wills of States’ developed in the Russian doctrine of international law and the contemporary practice of States and international aviation organizations the following sources of international air law have been identified: (i) international treaties; (ii) international customs; (iii) ICAO international standards; (iv) Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air. Each of these sources of international air law has been examined in detail both from the point of view of the rulemaking process and within the context of its role played in regulation of cooperation between States in the area of international civil aviation. In particular, the author shows the specific role in international air law of such traditional sources as international treaties and international customs. As for the international standards and the Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air, they are described as special complex forms of creation of norms of international air law emerged as a result of rapid development of civil aviation in the second half of the 20th century and its transformation into the global passengers and cargo transportation network. Overall examination of the currently existing rule-making processes and sources of the international air law demonstrates that they are rather dynamic and well take into account the contemporary development of global aviation and the interests of different States.
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».