Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Temperate-breeding Canada geese (Branta canadensis maxima) were once extirpated from much of their native range in North America. Extensive reintroduction and management efforts have been incredibly successful in restoring Canada goose populations. Canada goose abundance has increased to historic levels, providing social, ecological, and economic value. However, human-goose conflict including reduced water quality, damaged landscape aesthetics, crop depredation, and safety concerns related to aircraft strikes are costs associated with Canada geese. The adaptability of geese to urban areas creates novel problems that traditional wildlife management actions may not fully address. Increasing human-goose conflict in Iowa’s urban areas led to a partnership between the Iowa Department of Natural Resources and Iowa State University to examine ecology of Canada geese in urban settings. Our research objectives were to 1) evaluate movement and harvest susceptibility during the special September and regular goose hunting seasons of Canada geese captured in urban areas and compare to movement and susceptibility of geese captured in rural locations where the goose-hunting season is closed, and 2) estimate annual survival and recovery rates for Canada geese banded in urban and rural areas in Iowa using three-age-class joint live-dead band recovery models.\nWe investigated movement ecology of Canada geese nesting at urban and rural sites in Iowa during the 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 Mississippi Flyway Canada goose hunting season frameworks. We captured Canada geese during brood rearing and marked adult females with a neck-mounted GPS-GSM transmitter in 2018 (n=30 urban, n=15 rural) and 2019 (n=15 urban, n=11 rural). Susceptibility to hunter harvest, or the proportion of locations geese were in areas available to hunters, was lower for urban geese (0.07 [95% CI: 0.04-0.13]) than rural geese (0.56 [95% CI: 0.34-0.76]). However, home range area was similar for urban and rural geese, and decreased in size from autumn to late winter. Urban geese were more likely to select developed areas and less likely to select wetlands than rural geese. Additionally, urban geese had higher selection of agricultural fields located inside municipal city limits than agricultural fields outside city limits.\nWe estimated survival, dead recovery rates, live recapture rates, and fidelity for Canada geese banded in Iowa 1999-2019 using Burnham joint live-dead models in program MARK via RMark. Model covariates included goose age (adult, subadult, juvenile), banding site (urban or rural), time (year as a factor), Time (trend over years), harvest regulation index, and winter severity index. The most parsimonious model indicated interactive effects of age, banding site, and trend over time for survival and dead recovery rate parameters. Adult survival was relatively constant and did not differ for geese banded in urban (0.75 [range: 0.60-0.92]) or rural (0.75 [range: 0.66-0.82]) areas. Juvenile survival in urban areas tended to be lower than in rural areas, and dead recovery rates were higher for urban juveniles during liberalization of harvest regulations. Subadults had higher survival in urban areas, although survival decreased and dead recovery rates increased.\nAdult Canada geese breeding in urban areas had similar survival and were recovered at similar rates as rural adults despite lower availability of urban adult geese to hunters. Thus, despite lower susceptibility, geese using urban areas contribute considerably to harvest. Opportunity exists to evaluate further liberalization of harvest regulations around large metropolitan areas and increased susceptibility of urban geese using early seasons, improved hunter access to urban agricultural fields, and expanded urban Canada goose management zones. Further management actions in addition to increasing harvest opportunity will likely be required to achieve goals.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».