A mineralogical investigation into the beneficiation of a rare-earth mineral deposit using physical separations
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
This thesis examines the application of physical separations to the Nechalacho deposit in the Northwest Territories of Canada. It is specifically focused on relating the deposits mineralogical characteristics to quantify mineral separation behaviour in various processes; and ultimately proposing an industrially applicable beneficiation process for the ore. The valuable REE-bearing minerals in this ore are allanite, bastnӓsite, columbite (Fe), fergusonite, monazite, synchysite and zircon; and the primary gangue minerals are quartz, feldspars and iron oxides.Quantitative Evaluation of Minerals by Scanning Electron Microscopy (QEMSCAN) results indicate the grain size distributions and association behaviour of valuable minerals in the deposit cause them to be concentrated in high specific gravity (SG) particles, at particle sizes well above their liberation size. To take advantage of this property, a Knelson Concentrator and spiral are examined as methods to preconcentrate the ore at a relatively coarse particle size; with the goal of rejecting low SG silicate gangue minerals (quartz and feldspars) early in the beneficiation process. Both techniques are determined to be effective. However, due to its simplicity, the spiral is recommended as the more applicable process in an industrial setting. The optimization and application of such a process could have profound effects on any downstream processing, as well as in the overall economics, as it would minimize the energy required for comminution. Following the preconcentration test work, a Knelson Concentrator, Multi-Gravity Separator (MGS) and Mozley Laboratory Shaking Table are studied to assess their ability to produce a bulk heavy mineral (REM, zircon and iron oxides) concentrate, at particle sizes much closer to the liberation size of the valuable minerals. All three techniques are effective at upgrading zircon and REM. But, the MGS is recommended as the superior process. The MGS is particularly effective at recovering and concentrating zircon. Although REM are effectively upgraded, their recovery was relatively low. Mineralogical analysis indicates that with optimization of the comminution process and the MGS operating conditions, satisfactory recovery targets are likely to be achieved. However, it is noted that allanite recovery may remain depressed due to its relatively low SG compared to the other valuable minerals in the Nechalacho deposit. Gravity concentrates from the MGS and Mozley Laboratory Shaking Table are then processed using a low-intensity magnetic separator, to remove iron oxide gangue, and a wet high intensity magnetic separator (WHIMS), to produce separate REM and zircon concentrates. Iron oxide gangue is effectively removed. But, its association with REM and zircon indicates that some losses of valuable material in this step may be unavoidable. The WHIMS is capable of producing a high-grade REM concentrate; with the relative magnetic response of REM following allanite > fergusonite > columbite (Fe) > monazite > bastnӓsite > synchysite. However, a significant portion of REM remain in the non-magnetic fraction with zircon. Concluding that a magnetic separation step which can induce a high magnetic force on REM through high magnetic field gradients should be examined. These metallurgical tests coupled with the use of automated mineralogy, along with other characterization techniques, led to the eventual proposal of a flowsheet to beneficiate the Nechalacho deposit
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».