A Study on Quarter-wise Incidence of Mastitis in Dairy Animals and Antibiogram of Associated Bacteria
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The present study was done on milk samples collected from the 469 milch animals (1765 quarters/teats), of which 296 were buffaloes (1120 quarters) and 173 were cows (645 quarters) at Disease Investigation Laboratory (DI lab), Bhiwani during the period from July, 2016 to June, 2017to know quarter-wise association of mastitis in bovines and to understand current susceptibility pattern of the isolates to various antibacterial drugs. Overall prevalence was observed to be 42.86 % by WST. Species-wise higher percentage of cows (47.40%) were positive for mastitis compares to buffaloes (40.20%). Among the affected animals, the maximum were having only single quarter infection among both species i.e., 35.47% of cows and 41.18% of buffaloes. Incidence observed on front quarters and hind quarters basis lead to the inference that hind quarters (32.31%) are more prone to mastitis than front quarters (15.46%). At species level also, higher incidences were noted in hind quarters. The result leads to inference that the hind quarters are more susceptible to mastitis than the front quarters. Categorization of data according to position of four teats/quarters viz., left hind, right hind, left front and right front quarter, overall as level at species level basis right hind quarter was having the highest prevalence while left front quarter was found to be the least affected by mastitis. In bacteriological examination total177 (88.06%) milk samples were found to be positive in cultural examination. Of the examined samples 37 (84.09%) of cows while 140 (89.17%) of buffaloes, respectively, were positive for microbial isolation. On Gram’s staining it was observed that the majority of isolates were Gram-positive bacteria (59.89%). Based on colony and morphological characteristics among the Gram-positive bacteria Staphyloccocus sp. bacteria were the major pathogens while E. coli was the major pathogen amongst the Gram-isolates. The antibiotic sensitivity pattern of isolates was a studied. Ceftriaxone-sulbactum was found to be the most effective (92.09%) among the tested antibiotics followed by enrofloxacin (90.39%) while Penicillin-G was found to be least effective (11.30 %) among the battery of antibiotics tested. The present study lead to the inference that there is association of mastitis with position of quarter and the pathogens associated with the disease are developing resistant to the commonly used antibiotics. Hence, the animal health workers must recommend antibiotic sensitivity testing so that effective and judicious use of antibiotics can be done. Dairy farmers should adopt scientific methods of animal husbandry in order to achieve profitable and hygienic milk production.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».