THE ROLE OF THE WELSH LANGUAGE IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN WALES
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
In sociolinguistics, bilingualism is regarded as the coexistence of a majority and a minority language in a given speech community, whose members use the respective languages in various social contexts according to the speech act parameters and the collective norms and values, whereas bilingual education is defined as the use of two languages as media of instruction with the goal of achieving proficiency in both languages. In all minority languages, there are families who use the majority language with their children. If this occurs across successive generations, the language will rapidly decline. If families fail to reproduce such languages in children, second and higher language education has to attempt to make up the shortfall. Welsh and English are the two major linguistic and ethnic traditions in Wales. During the last half century, a revival of interest in the language has been reflected in the growth and development of Welsh-medium education that has provided an opportunity for new generations to become Welsh speakers.Welsh-medium education is available from primary school through to higher education, and the 1998 Education Reform Act ensured that Welsh is taught in almost all Welsh schools either as a first or a second language. The present article focuses on the role of the Welsh language in higher education institutions in Wales. The Welsh Government is committed to giving the Welsh language the same status as English in every aspect of life. Welsh (Cymraeg) is a Celtic language spoken in Wales and in the Welsh colony (yr Wladfa) in Patagonia, Argentina. There are also Welsh speakers in England, Scotland, Canada, the USA, Australia and New Zealand. The language spoken today is a direct descendant of Early Welsh, which emerged as a distinct tongue around the 6th century AD, and its literary tradition extends to this time when it was the language not only of Wales, but also of large parts of southern Scotland and northern England. Welsh is available as a degree course in various forms at most Welsh universities. In these institutions it is possible to combine the study of Welsh with another language or subject in a joint honours degree. There are increasing opportunities to study through the medium of Welsh for all or part of a degree course. The ability to speak Welsh is becoming increasingly important when looking for employment. So if a person can speak Welsh he or she should seriously consider maintaining his or her language skills and making it a part of learning and career development plan. Employers prefer to recruit people with a good level of Welsh, especially those who have taken courses through the medium of Welsh.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,003 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,006 | 0,006 |
| Communication savante | 0,006 | 0,002 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,008 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,005 | 0,001 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».