Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Torture and acts of cruel, inhuman, and degrading treatment are among the most widely proscribed violations of international and regional human rights law. Although the UN Human Rights Committee has clarified that this prohibition applies beyond abuses that occur in detention settings, it has rarely been recognized in the context of health care settings. However, a shift is taking place. In early 2011, a coalition of organizations launched the Campaign to Stop Torture in Health Care with the aim of increasing accountability for these abuses. Then, in February 2013, the Special Rapporteur on Torture issued a landmark report, which embraces the paradigm applying the prohibition against torture to health care settings and identifies examples of such abuse and the policies that promote it. Currently, severe abuse is rampant in health care settings, particularly against socially marginalized groups—people living with HIV or tuberculosis, people with disabilities, people who use drugs, sex workers, ethnic minorities, gender and sexual minorities, and people in need of palliative care. Many such abuses appear to rise to the level of torture or ill-treatment. In particular, three broad (and sometimes overlapping) categories of abuse can be identified: (1) forced or coerced medical interventions; (2) denial of care or provision of inferior care on a discriminatory basis; and (3) provision of medical treatment in a humiliating manner. In many cases, torture and ill-treatment in health care are also attended by violations of the right to liberty, particularly in hospitals, tuberculosis centers, drug treatment centers, and mental health facilities. A human rights approach to health care would call for community-based treatment in a number of these instances. Viewing violations in health care settings through an anti-torture lens highlights the particular vulnerability of marginalized groups to abuse, the misuse of medical procedures as a form of social control, and the intersection between torture in health care and the deprivation of liberty. Applying an anti-torture framework also lifts the shroud of darkness that has allowed these abuses to continue with impunity under the guise of medical “expertise” or “necessity.” Additionally, the anti-torture lens is a powerful tool that sets up an immediate and non-derogable obligation for states to remedy these abuses. It thereby can help foster health care settings that genuinely serve as places of care for all people.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,006 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,002 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».