The Nation in the Village: The Genesis of Peasant National Identity in Austrian Poland, 1848-1914
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Keely Stauter-Halsted. The Nation in the Village: The Genesis of Peasant National Identity in Austrian Poland, 1848-1914. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2004 (cloth edition-2001). x, 272 pp. Bibliography. Illustrations. Maps. Photographs. Index. Paper.Many historians have claimed that in nineteenth-century Europe, as well as in the twentieth-century colonial and Third World countries, one of the more important historical dramas was the encounter between nationalism and the peasantry, who constituted the bulk of population. Histories of this encounter followed the fortunes of the historical profession. They enjoyed popularity in the heyday of social science, the era of decolonization, guerrilla wars and newly independent states, while recent postmodern times have witnessed a decline of interest, with focus shifting to peasant rebels who managed to avoid the tenets of modern nationalisms. Keely Stauter-Halsted's account of the incorporation of Polish peasants into the Polish national community in Habsburg Galicia is a welcome exception full of fresh insights.Unlike some other treatments of similar problems, The Nation in the Village pays serious attention to the peasants as active players in the drama it tells. The book includes alluring ethnographic descriptions of village life, village politics and village culture prior to their integration into the larger world of the national community and makes a point of arguing that the village community was a primeval locus of pre-national peasant loyalties. Using tropes of pre-modern oral culture grounded in custom, familiar in the scholarship on other peasantries, the author describes the initial misunderstanding and gap separating the two cultures immediately after emancipation. At the same time, Stauter-Halsted's premodern peasant culture appears to be more dynamic than in many other studies where the same tropes have been deployed. The village itself is described as a sufficiently complex mechanism with the multiple divisions of status and power, and sophisticated politics. The author even discerns in the village some nascent civil society, which seems to be one of the most arguable points made in the book.Stauter-Halsted tries to maintain a balance between views and constructions of the peasantry's place in Polish nation from above and from below, by peasants themselves. The former are disclosed in the analysis of literary and ethnographic works representing and studying peasants, of cultural and political projects trying to influence and organize them. The latter consists of the story of peasants learning constitutional politics, mastering written law and discourses, putting them to their own use, and, in turn, imagining in a certain way the nation to which they were being told they belonged. …
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|---|---|---|
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| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
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| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
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