Les territoires politico-économiques face aux technologies de l'information et de la communication : entre métropolisation et différenciation territoriale
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Since the beginning of the 1990s the progressive rise of the Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), at the same time as an economic sector and as a vector of new uses, questioned not only the traditional diagrams related to the territories economic activity organization, but also revealed new possible strategies for the economic actors seizing the opportunity of a new means for territorial development. Starting here from this double report, we place the triptych "ICTs - Territory - Economic Actors" in the centre of our considerations. First of all, we show how the ICTs succeeded in occupying the place which is theirs, today, in the economy, while positioning within territories being admittedly used as receptacles but especially as resources for their development. ICTs are also forming part of organization localization diagrams of the economic activity, which are suddenly newly questioned (in particular in term of metropolization). Finally, ICTs are repositioning the various economic actors (especially public ones) in the centre of new stakes for territories. The grounds of this work, "archipelago territories", allow us, in particular, to think about the effects of the metropolization of the activity related to the ICTs, on the one hand by carrying out a statistical study done about the metropolises of Bordeaux, Toulouse and Marseilles, and studying, consecutively in France and in Canada, a metropolis and a city - or a "numerical territory" - located itself in its back country. Thus, it is a question of studying which is the place of the ICTs, and the way in which the various economic actors seize them, first within the metropolis of Toulouse, then in the basin of Castres-Mazamet, this last one constituting the real core of this work. In the same way, with incomparable scales but with different strategies justifying the positioning of the territorial actors, Montreal and Bromont (Quebec, Canada), made it possible to renew the illustration of the importance of the place of the ICTs, as regards, at the same time, the economic development and the territorial development. Of course, if metropolises fit in optics of a technopolitan development, "numerical territories" rather aim at dynamization and differentiation, in the current game of territorial competition, but also aim at complementarity with this close metropolis against which it would be in any way impossible to compete. In spite of the different scales and strategies, these studies show certain recurrences, as the place and the role of the various types of actors considered, the force of the metropolization (in particular as regards territorial marketing) and the importance of time. Lastly, the question of the relevant scale arises, as regards the good scale for the management and governance of the ICTs programs; if recent studies recorded the importance of the regional level, one can wonder about the place which currently take intercommunalities and also communities of agglomerations as regards local development by the means of the ICTs.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,006 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,005 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,003 | 0,013 |
| Communication savante | 0,012 | 0,006 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,007 | 0,001 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».