Society, the City and Industry in the Balkans, 15th-19th Centuries
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Nikolai Todorov. Society, the City and Industry in the Balkans, 15th-19th Centuries. Studies in East-Central Europe 1500-1900, Variorum Collected Studies Series. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing, 1998. x. 340 pp. Index. $103.95, cloth. This collection brings together fourteen of Nikolai Todorov's works published between 1964 and 1992. Seven were written in English, and the other half in French; most derived originally from conference papers that were subsequently published. In general, all articles reflect his long-standing devotion to researching the socioeconomic histories of the Balkan region during periods of Ottoman rule. The availability of these articles in one volume is a convenient resource for the researcher examining Ottoman-era societies in the Balkans, and especially in Bulgaria. A major flaw of the book, one that cannot be attributed to the author, is the lack of any sort of introduction that would explicate to the reader Todorov's place in Balkan scholarship or even in twentieth-century Bulgaria. In 1964, Todorov founded and became the first director of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences' Institute for Balkan Studies. Editor-in-chief of Etudes balkaniques, he was among a very limited number of Bulgarian academics whose works were published in English prior to the 1990s. He also held senior positions in Bulgaria's Academy of Sciences, was appointed as Bulgaria's ambassador both to Greece and to UNESCO, served as the Chairman of the Grand National Assembly of Bulgaria, and is noteworthy for other distinctions in and out of academia. The failure to include an introduction, a bibliography, and so forth-as is often found in other Variorum publications-was a serious omission on the part of the editors of this text and the series. After reading these articles published over a period spanning four decades, it is apparent that a major objective in Todorov's scholarly career was to challenge the standard Bulgarian, East European, and Soviet historical narratives concerning the Balkans. These narratives tended to depict the Ottoman period as one of negative absolutes: absolute domination, backwardness, destruction, religious intolerance, and so forth. Though very superficially conformist (i.e., his writing was quite empirical in content and sprinkled with occasional citations of Lenin, Marx, or established socialist/Soviet scholars), Todorov's scholarship was in most instances both credible and original in an environment that did not necessarily foster either virtue. Many of the articles are quite specific in topic and/or with respect to their intended audience. …
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».