Abstract P178: Cost-Effectiveness of Intensive versus Standard Blood Pressure Goals by Baseline Systolic Blood Pressure Levels in SPRINT-Eligible US Adults

Background: In high-risk adults, intensive systolic blood pressure (SBP) goals (<120 mmHg) reduced cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and mortality, when compared to standard SBP goals (<140 mmHg), in the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT). While average benefit of reduced CVD risk with intensive SBP goals outweighs the average risk of serious adverse events (SAEs) and treatment costs, net intensive SBP goal benefits may vary by baseline SBP. We hypothesized that intensive SBP goals would be cost-effective vs. standard SBP goals when stratified by baseline SBP level in SPRINT-eligible US adults from the payer’s perspective. Methods: Using CVD event, death, and SAE risks, a microsimulation model compared direct healthcare costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) in the SPRINT intensive and standard SBP goal arms over patients’ remaining lifetimes. Published literature and national estimates were used for model parameters. The model assumed that, after the planned duration of SPRINT, adherence to treatment goals decayed over time. To estimate the effect of baseline SBP on the cost-effectiveness of intensive SBP goals, baseline SBP was stratified into the following groups: 130-139 mmHg, 140-149 mmHg, 150-159 mmHg, 160-169 mmHg, and 170-180 mmHg. Results: With higher baseline SBP, patients in both arms experienced higher rates of CVD events or CVD deaths and accrued higher costs compared with patients starting with lower baseline SBP. However, with higher baseline SBP, there were slightly more incremental QALYs gained with intensive SBP treatment, from 0.29 to 0.31. This led to a modestly better incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for intensive vs. standard SBP goals, decreasing from approximately $50,000 to $43,000 per QALY gained as baseline SBP increased. If SPRINT treatment effects and in-trial adherence persisted for the remaining lifetime, the ICER for intensive SBP goals decreased to approximately $25,000-$26,000 per QALY gained across baseline SBP groups. Conclusions: Treatment of all SPRINT-eligible patients led to lifetime cost-effectiveness below accepted willingness-to-pay thresholds and lifetime net benefit and cost-effectiveness varied only modestly by baseline SBP. However, this analysis was based on summary data and did not account for individual patient risks. Multiple predictors, in addition to baseline SBP, may be needed to identify which SPRINT-eligible patients derive maximal benefit from intensive SBP treatment.

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