Beauty from Senselessness: Searching for Signals of Beyond the Standard Model Physics in a Complex World.

In this thesis I explore a collection of disparate approaches in the search for new physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM).The research here focuses on the potentially interesting signals that BSM physics could produce; the result is a combination of model building, cosmology, collider physics, and gravitational waves.The signals of the new physics are determined and used to discuss both the discovery potential of next-generation experiments and the parameter space bounds from current collaborations.There are three projects that make up the core of the research presented here.The first of these explores the possibility of detecting gravitational waves generated by first-order phase transitions in multiple dark sectors.The cosmological history of this framework is outlined and the gravitational wave profiles are generated. Statement of OriginalityThe background chapters 2, 3, & 4 are reviews of the SM, cosmology, and relevant BSM models, respectively.The material for the first two is well established and has entered the realm of textbooks (with the exception of Sec.3.5.1,which contains original material from [1]); whereas the BSM chapter contains work that is more modern and somewhat speculative.In all cases, sources are listed at the beginning of the relevant chapter.The following chapters 5, 6, & 7 contain original research.Each of these projects were done in collaboration with other physicists with contributions as follows:1. Gravitational Wave Signals from Multiple Hidden Sectors [1]:This project was done in collaboration with Dylan Linthorne and Daniel Stolarski.The particle physics calculations were carried out by P.A.S including the reheaton decays, N ef f constraints, phase transition temperatures, hidden sector energy densities, and thermal evolution of the hidden sectors.These results were utilized by Dylan Linthorne to calculate and plot the gravitational wave profiles against the next-generation detector limits.The detector limits and gravitational wave profiles were checked by P.A.S. Higgs Portal from the Atmosphere to Hyper-K [2]:This work was done in conjunction with Yue Zhang.The original geometry work was completed by Yue Zhang.P.A.S checked these results and then applied them in a semi-analytical calculation determining the rate and kinematics of scalar portal particle decays in large-volume neutrino detectors.The energy and kinematic distributions were plotted by P.A.S.The number of signal events v over ten years were calculated by P.A.S; these results were used by Yue Zhang to generate the contour plots of Fig. 6.3. On New Physics contribtuions to the Higgs decay to Zγ [3]:The final project was produced in collaboration with Daniel Stolarski and Roberto Vega-Morales.All calculations for this project were carried out by P.A.S. Code written by Roberto Vega-Morales was utilized in the 4-lepton analysis portion to determine the number of signal events required for statistical discrimination of SM and BSM scenarios.vi

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