Notice bibliographique
Résumé
In the delayed coking process, a thermal cracking process of residues results in the formation of a solid final product called petroleum coke (or petcoke), which is removed through cuts caused by high-pressure water jets. These cuts produce a wide range of solids, ranging from fine particles to stones. The petcoke is separated from the water for sale, and the rest of the water with solid residues, the petcoke fines, is clarified and reused in the refinery. This separation process usually happens by sedimentation with a relatively high residence time. In cases where the capacity of the units is increased, this process is no longer efficient, causing an increase in the concentration of petcoke fines in the clarified water, and, consequently, generating erosion and corrosion problems. Thus, it is necessary to analyze alternatives for the separation process, and the study of the application of hydrocyclones stands out, since they are simple, easy-to-operate and robust equipments, being widely used in industry. That said, this work aimed to study hydrocycloning as a physical process for separating petcoke fines from water. For this, petroleum coke was characterized and two non-conventional hydrocyclones were developed to carry out this separation: the hydrocyclones had two conical sections, and in one of them there was a feed ramp with an 11º inclination. The performance of these two equipments together with a third smaller conventional hydrocyclone was evaluated experimentally. A factorial experimental design (32) was performed for each hydrocyclone, and from the results, empirical mathematical models were developed, capable of describing the equipment capacity, the total efficiency and the split ratio as a function of the solids concentration of the fed suspension. and the pressure drop in the equipment. It was found that the proposed non-conventional hydrocyclones had higher capacities, split ratios and separation efficiencies than the conventional mini-hydrocyclone. The average efficiencies obtained by the two hydrocyclones were above 92%, while the efficiency in the mini-hydrocyclone was at most 89%. Relating the two proposed equipments, it was verified that the presence of the feed ramp promoted a reduction in the pressure drop and a slight increase in the total separation efficiency. Comparing the results obtained with data on the separation of petcoke fines by sedimentation, provided by the refinery, it was found in this study that at low concentrations the proposed hydrocyclones are viable alternatives to clarify the water, with the advantage of greater suspension processing capacity.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,003 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».