Quantification of Phase Behaviour and Physical Properties of Alkane Solvents/CO2/ Water/Heavy Oil Systems under Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Conditions
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract The hybrid steam-solvent injection has been considered as a promising technique for enhancing heavy oil/bitumen recovery, while its main mechanisms including the heat transferred and dissolution of solvents (e.g., C3H8, C4H10, CO2, N2, and DME) into heavy oil/bitumen to reduce its viscosity and swell it are closely related to the phase behaviour of the solvents/water/heavy oil systems. To allow the seamless integration with the existing reservoir simulators, the traditional cubic equations of state (i.e., SRK EOS and PR EOS) have been modified and improved to accurately quantify the phase behaviour and physical properties of the aforementioned systems under equilibrium and nonequilibrium conditions. Firstly, a huge database has been built to develop the corresponding alpha functions by minimizing the deviation between the measured and calculated vapour pressures for water as well as nonhydrocarbon and hydrocarbon compounds available from the public domain. Such obtained alpha functions are further validated with enthalpy of vaporization for pure substances, and then the reduced temperature has been optimized and the eccentric factor has been redefined. Finally, a pressure-implicit strategy has been developed to optimize the binary interaction parameters (BIPs) by treating heavy oil as one pseudocomponent (PC) or multiple PCs. Also, the contributions of each solvent to the aforementioned systems have been compared and analyzed within a consistent and unified framework. In addition to new alpha functions for hydrocarbons and water, respectively, the reduced temperature is found to have its optimum value of 0.59 for the two equations of state (EOSs), while 0.60 is recommended for practical use. Such improved EOSs have been further employed to reproduce the experimentally measured multiphase boundaries (or pseudo-bubble-point pressures), density, viscosity, (mutual) solubility, and preferential mass transfer for the aforementioned mixtures under equilibrium and nonequilibrium conditions. The swelling effect for the heavy oil can be enhanced due to the addition of C3H8 and/or C4H10 or their mixtures into the CO2 stream. Due to the existence of water, isenthalpic flash leads to more accurate quantification of multiphase boundaries and physical properties for the hybrid solvent-thermal processes. Each component of a binary or ternary gas mixture is found to diffuse preferentially into heavy oil at high pressures and elevated temperatures in the absence and presence of porous media, while each of them is found to exsolve differently from gas-saturated heavy oil under nonequilibrium conditions.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».