Index

Citation (2017), "Index", The Century of Science (International Perspectives on Education and Society, Vol. 33), Emerald Publishing Limited, Bingley, pp. 281-291. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1479-367920170000033001 Publisher: Emerald Publishing Limited Copyright © 2017 Emerald Publishing Limited INDEX Academic capitalism, 9 Academic drift, 61, 74, 80, 183, 185 Academic freedom, 8, 60, 97, 147 Academic Ranking of World Universities, 43 See also Ranking Academy of Science, 28, 144, 145, 147, 148, 155, 157, 163–168 Access issues, 64–68 Accreditation, 43 Adams, Jonathan, 9, 20, 23, 142, 206 Aghion, Philippe, 8, 97, 109 Al-Azhar University, 232 Al-Nizamiyya University, 233 American Association for the Advancement of Science, 91 American Civil War, 88 American Mathematical Society, 95, 96 American model, 92, 175, 176, 181 American Philological Association, 91 American Society for Microbiology, 96 American University, 106, 119, 182, 243 The Anti-Rightist Movement, 148, 149 April Revolution, 210, 224n2 Arabian Gulf, 18, 20, 28 Article production, 21, 27, 29, 31, 115, 119, 123, 124, 126–129, 227–245 Asia, 2, 3, 7, 17–19, 21–23, 26, 31, 40, 41, 49, 58, 86, 109, 115, 137, 171, 200, 242–244 Assessment of Higher Education Learning Outcomes (AHELO), 43 See also OECD Association of American Universities (AAU), 91 Atomic energy commission (CEA), France, 68 Australia, 259–262, 264, 265, 272 Austria, 21, 254, 260–262, 264, 265, 272 Baker, David P., 1–32, 38, 40, 43, 44, 50, 56–58, 63, 69, 85–109, 138n, 4, 174, 176, 194, 212, 238 Bayh-Dole Act, 198 Belgium, 17, 22, 254, 262, 265, 272 Ben-David, Joseph, 58, 66, 69, 86, 88, 92, 252 Bibliometrics, 2, 9–12, 15, 30, 62, 64, 68, 114, 118, 200 Big data, 12, 233 Big science, 3, 17, 18, 31, 98, 99, 101, 107, 108 Block grants, 27, 113–138, 139n19 Blue Book of Science and Technology, The, 151 Bologna Process, 42, 61, 73 Bradford, Samuel C., 10, 73 Brain drain, 153, 182, 214 Brain Korea 21 (BK 21), 208, 216, 218–219 Brazil, 20, 170n, 1, 206, 245n, 5, 272 BRICK, 142, 170n, 1, 206 Canada, 5, 18, 21, 30, 259–262, 264, 265, 272 Capacity-building, 2, 7, 10, 22, 28, 31, 208, 230 Carnegie Classifications Data File, 101, 102, 104–107 Carnegie Classifications of Institutions of Higher Education, 86, 104, 106, 211–212 Carnegie Foundation, 90, 101, 102, 104–107 Catholic University of America, 106 Center of science productivity, 55–80 Center for Higher Education University Ranking, 43 Centers for Research and Higher Education (PRES), France, 65 Central Research Institute, China, 144 Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), France, 64 Chairman Mao, 146, 147 China, 3, 5, 9, 11, 17–21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 38, 44–49, 57, 58, 108, 119, 141–171, 175, 176, 201n, 1, 206, 245n, 5, 250, 258, 259, 261, 263, 272, 273 Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 144, 155, 156, 163–167, 170n, 3, 170n4 Chinese Civil War, 143 Clarivate Analytics. See Thomson Reuters Cold War, 98, 175 Collaboration, 6, 9, 15–18, 20–21, 25, 28, 30, 31, 57–59, 61, 64–66, 70–72, 77, 79, 80, 108, 142, 150, 160–163, 174, 190–199, 217, 229, 237, 238, 242–244 Collège de France, 66 Collegiate Learning Assessment, 43 Common Program of the Chinese People’s Consultative Conference, 144 Communist Party of China (CPC), 145, 148 Comparative indicators, 59 Competition, 6, 17–20, 25, 27, 28, 30, 31, 50, 57–59, 70, 79, 91, 179, 182, 186–190, 207, 211, 214, 216–219, 237, 259 Competitive funds, 113–139 Cooperative Agreement of Science and Technology, 146 Cornell University, 89, 90 Corporate research capacity, 236 Cross-national comparison, 6, 15, 76 Cross-national perspective, 44–48 Cultural Revolution, China, 27, 49, 143, 149–151, 159, 164, 169 Cumulative advantage, 252, 253 See also Matthew effect Data Growth, 219 Decision on Expediting Progress in Science and Technology, 152 Delanty, Gerard, 9 Denmark, 219, 250, 260, 261, 263, 265, 272 Dewatripont, Mathias, 8, 97 DiMaggio, P. and Powell, Walter W., 185 Discourse, 40, 42, 43, 65, 229 Doctoral education, 71, 86, 87, 91–93 Drucker, Peter, 144 Dual pillars, 68–72 Duke University, 98, 104 East Asia, 2, 7, 17–19, 22, 23, 31, 41, 58, 115, 200, 242, 243, 244 East Germany, 16, 77, 260, 272 Ecole Normale Supérieure, France, 64 École pratique des hautes études, France, 66 Economic prosperity, 21–25, 198, 230 Economic wealth, 29, 250, 251, 256, 273 Education Act, The, 74, 209 Education City, Doha, Qatar, 46, 228, 230, 231, 234–236, 240, 242, 244, 245n, 3, 245n10 Education Index (EI), 266 863 Program, China, 152 Elevator effect, 49 Elite higher education, 64–68, 154 Elsevier, 11–12, 30, 72, 245n4 Elzinga, Aant, 3, 50, 98, 99, 108 Emerging Global Model, 9, 99, 109 Engineering, 2, 7, 38, 57, 62, 64, 73, 86, 90, 100, 114, 117, 121, 124, 145, 167, 212, 213, 214, 217, 234, 250, 251, 257 Engineering Research Centers (ERC), 217 England, 58, 73, 76, 88, 89, 93, 98 See also Great Britain, United Kingdom Enrollment, 6, 25–28, 39–41, 44, 47–50, 87, 90, 94, 95, 99, 100, 108, 115, 118, 122, 145, 153, 176–179, 181, 200, 206, 210–212, 216, 224, 234 Enrollment and graduation, 48 Entrepreneurial university, 178 Erasmus Programme, 20 EU15, 256 Europe, 2, 3, 5, 7, 15, 17–20, 25, 29, 31, 43, 57–64, 69, 78, 79, 86, 92, 147, 234, 242, 243 European Commission, 20, 61, 69 European Qualifications Framework, 42 European Research Council (ERC), 20, 61 European standards, 65 European Union, 20, 22, 61 Europeanization, 25, 56, 70, 73 Excellence, 5, 59, 64, 65, 75, 130, 149, 179, 182, 187, 188, 216, 217, 234, 235 Expansion, 2, 3, 5, 6, 11, 18, 25, 28, 29, 30, 32, 37–50, 58, 61, 62, 67, 73, 74, 77, 79, 113–139, 147, 148, 177, 178, 180, 181, 183, 195, 200, 206, 207, 210–216, 219, 222, 224, 228 Expected Years of Schooling Index, The, 266 Fachhochschulen (universities of applied science), Germany, 69 autonomy, 44, 63, 73, 96–97, 150, 178, 215, 217, 234 Finland, 21, 219, 250, 254, 263, 265, 271, 272 First World War (also World War I), 93 Framework Programme of EU Research Funding, 20 France, 3, 5, 8, 9, 11, 15–17, 19, 21–23, 25, 26, 30, 55–80, 88, 89, 96, 119, 259–262, 264, 272 Fraunhofer Society, 70 Fundamental Science and Technology Act, The, 198, 199 Further and Higher Education Act, USA, 74 G8, 256 Garfield, Eugene, 11 GDP, 21, 22, 29, 44, 45, 49, 59–61, 77, 153, 168, 206, 228, 237, 250, 251, 255, 256, 266–273 Geiger, Roger L., 5, 19, 86, 89–97, 109, 142, 192, 194 German model, 92 German Research Foundation (DFG), 69 Germany, 3, 5, 8, 9, 11, 15–17, 19, 22, 23, 25, 26, 30, 38–40, 44–49, 55–80, 86, 88, 96, 119, 121, 176, 177, 235, 258–264, 271, 272 Gibbons, Michael, 8, 63, 87, 108, 194, 199, 200 Gini index, 251, 256 Global competition (global competitiveness), 19, 28, 43, 216, 218, 219 See also Competition Global differentiation, 18–20 Global environment of higher education, 42–43 Global partnership, 245 See also Collaboration Governance, 5, 6, 9, 12, 39, 73, 89, 148, 175, 176, 178 Government Administration Council of China, 163 Graduate School of Public Administration, 209 Graduate School of Public Health, 209 Grand Challenges, Qatar, 236, 237 Grandes écoles, France, 80n3 Grands établissements, France, 66 Granger causality, 252, 271, 272 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research program (KAKENHI), 118 Great Depression, 89 Great Leap Forward, the, China, 148–149, 169, 170 Great Recession, 5 Gross domestic expenditures on R&D (GERD), 44, 59 Gross enrollment ratio (GER), 47, 48 Growth, 3, 4, 6, 12, 17–23, 25–31, 37–50, 56–59, 61, 62, 69, 79, 80, 88, 89, 93, 109, 142, 150, 152, 156–160, 168, 169, 170, 174, 175, 177, 180, 181, 183, 188, 190, 192, 197–200, 205–225, 230, 237–245 Growth of Science, 3, 25, 37–50, 174, 180, 200, 207–209, 212, 224 Hanyang University, 221 Harvey Mudd College, 106 Health, 2, 7, 13, 62, 66, 86, 94, 105–107, 114, 144, 171, 197, 209, 241, 248, 257, 266 Helmholtz Association of German Research Centers, 70 Hierarchy, 64–68, 121, 197, 214, 255, 259, 263 Higher education (HE), 2, 3, 5–8, 10, 12, 17, 19–23, 25–31, 37–50, 56–62, 64–70, 72–76, 78, 79, 85–109, 115–118, 120–128, 138, 141–171, 174–183, 186–195, 197–200, 205–225, 229, 231, 233, 244, 248, 251 Higher Education expansion, 3, 6, 25, 37–50, 73, 178, 219 Higher education funding, 76, 114 Higher Education Funding Council (HEFC), UK, 76 Higher Education in Korea (HEIK), 208, 222 Higher education institution (HEI), 40, 46, 109, 142, 144, 145, 153, 154, 157, 160, 163–168, 170, 175, 176, 177, 179–181, 189, 190, 207, 210, 211, 212, 216, 218, 248 Higher education organization (HEO), 12, 41, 45, 102, 118 Higher education policy, 30, 87, 174, 209, 222 Higher education R&D expenditure (HERD), 44, 45 Higher Education System, 6, 17, 25, 37–50, 56, 64, 65, 69, 70, 74, 106, 107, 115, 118, 138, 143–146, 154, 164, 169, 174–178, 189, 190, 193, 200, 206–210, 224 Hong Kong, 157, 158, 170n2 Horizon 2020, 61 See also Framework Programme of EU Research Funding Human development, 231, 250–252, 256, 266, 273, 274n2 Human Development Index, the (HDI), 251, 256, 266, 273, 274n2 Humboldtian model, 69 See also German model 100 talents, China, 155–156 Hungary, 21, 254, 260, 264, 265, 272 Iceland, 229 Impact, 5, 7, 11, 12, 19, 21, 22, 29, 31, 59, 61, 62, 66, 73, 139n, 17, 174, 181, 208, 224, 229, 237, 244, 253–256, 266, 270, 271 Impact factor, 11 Income Index, 266 India, 5, 20, 30, 170n, 1, 206, 242, 245n5, 259–262, 264, 272, 273 Industrial productivity, 251, 273 Industrial revolution, 147 Inequality, 250–252, 254–256, 266–273 Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRA), France, 68 Institut national de la santé et de la recherche Médicale (INSERM), France, 68 Institut Pasteur, France, 66 Institute of Geology of the Academy of Sciences, China, 148 Institutional setting, 29, 60, 62, 255 Institutionalism, 7, 30, 185 Institutionalization, 2, 6, 7, 17, 23, 25, 26, 37–50, 57, 58, 61, 64, 76, 77, 79, 102, 109, 185, 186 Institutionalization of education, 39–41 Institutionalization of higher education, 17, 25, 37–50, 57 Institutionalization of higher education and research, 25 Institutionalization of science, 39, 58 International branch campus (IBC), 18, 20, 28, 42, 73, 228, 230, 231, 235, 244, 248 International collaboration, 6, 15, 18, 20–21, 28, 30, 31, 58, 79, 142, 160–162, 195, 229, 238, 242–243 International comparison, 115, 119–120 International Max Planck Research Schools (IMPRS), 70 International organization (IO), 38, 40, 42, 231, 239, 248, 256 Internationalization, 9, 25, 42, 56, 57, 70, 79, 152 Investment, 5, 6, 17–21, 23, 26, 27, 30, 31, 32, 43, 47, 49, 50, 57, 59–61, 66, 69, 70, 77, 79, 80n, 2, 149, 153, 156–163, 168, 169, 183, 192, 200, 206, 207, 212, 216–219, 222, 224, 228, 229, 231, 234, 237, 240, 250 Iran, 231, 232 Isomorphism, 43, 179, 185, 186, 190 Israel, 21, 229, 250, 255, 256, 261, 263, 265, 271, 272 Italy, 5, 21, 30, 260–262, 264, 272 Japan, 3, 5, 9, 11, 17–19, 22, 23, 25–27, 30, 38, 44–50, 113–139, 147, 199, 259–263, 265, 272 Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft, Germany, 69 See also Max Planck Society Kakinuma, Sumio, 199 Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 70 Karlsruhe Research Center, 70 Keio University, 121 King’s College London, 73, 76 Knowledge conglomerate, 174, 194–200 Knowledge economy, 28, 41, 43, 65, 114, 130, 228 Knowledge production, 2, 5, 6, 8, 21, 26, 29, 31, 59, 63, 86, 87, 91, 95, 97–99, 114, 182, 194, 199, 200, 219, 228 Knowledge triangle, 61 Korea Advanced Institute of Science (KAIS), 215 Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 215 Korea Institute of Science and Technology, the (KIST), 214 Korea University, 224n1 Korean War, 206, 209, 212 Kuwahara, Terukata, 118, 138n1 Kyoto University, 116, 121, 132–135 Learning Science Movement, 214 Leibniz Association, Germany, 70 Liberties and Responsibilities of Universities (LRU), France, 65 Life Expectancy Index (LEI), 266 London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), 98 Long-Term Plan of Science and Technology of China, 151 Lotka, Alfred J., 10 Luxembourg, 5, 17, 229, 262 Mass higher education, 26, 29, 85–109, 177, 178 Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 89 Mathematics, 2, 7, 38, 57, 86, 96, 100, 114, 163, 206, 232 Matthew Effect in science, the, 252 See also Cumulative advantage Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science, Germany, 63, 69, 71 See also Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft Mean Years of Schooling Index, the, 266 Measuring and Comparing Achievements of Learning Outcomes in Higher Education in Europe (AHELO), 43 Medicine, 57, 61, 65, 72, 76, 117, 212, 213, 232, 241, 250, 251, 257 Megascience/mega-science, 3–5, 17–18, 31, 98, 99, 108 Merton, Robert K., 62, 252–254 Mexico, 21, 261 Meyer, John W., 6, 9, 38–41, 43, 50, 56, 58, 59, 63, 185, 252 Michigan State University, 89 Middle East, 2, 7, 18, 20, 28, 232, 236, 242–244 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology / MEXT (Japan), 115, 130 Mode-1, 8 Mode-2, 8 Modernization, 143, 149–157 Multi-Rank, 43 Musselin, Christine, 64, 66 National College Entrance Examination, the, 151 National Commissions of Science, the, 151 National Committee of Science and Technology, the, 151 National innovation system, 181, 197 National Institute of Health, 197 National Priorities Research Program, the (NPRP), Qatar, 236 National research institute, 66, 68, 121, 138n, 5, 197, 235 National Research System, 17, 28, 30, 227–245 National Taiwan University, 189 National universities, 26, 28, 88, 114–118, 120–137, 138, 139n, 17, 208, 209, 220, 228, 234, 235 Nation-state building, 39–41 Neo-institutionalism / Neo-institutionalist, 39, 185 See also Institutionalism Neo-liberal, 44, 178 Netherlands, 256, 260, 261, 263–265, 271, 272 New Zealand, 21 985 project, China, 153–155, 160, 169 North America, 2, 3, 7, 15, 18, 31, 58, 88, 229, 230, 242–244 North Carolina State University, 98 Norway, 250, 260, 263–265, 271, 272 OECD, 21–25, 40, 42–45, 47, 57, 59–61, 65, 66, 69, 77, 80n, 1, 115, 174, 206, 219, 230 Organizational field, 7, 60, 62, 69, 70, 72, 106 Organizational forms, 3, 5–7, 9, 17, 26, 27, 29, 30, 41, 57, 58, 60–66, 69, 74, 76–79, 91, 108, 114–118, 120, 121, 219, 221, 239 Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC), 229 Osaka City University, 121 Otlet, Paul, 10 Pechter, Kenneth, 199 Peer review, 3, 4, 6, 11, 12, 26, 29, 30, 32, 56, 57, 62, 68, 69, 76, 79, 100, 200, 222, 239, 245n, 4, 263 Peking Research Institute, 144 Peking University, 153 Pennsylvania State University, 98 Performance, 12, 157, 163–168, 182, 185–187, 239, 254–256 Performance-based funding, 5, 43 Persian Gulf. See Arabian Gulf The Plan of Introducing Foreign Outstanding Talent, 155 Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 220 Poland, 21, 254, 261, 272 Policy, 6, 7, 9, 12, 17, 20, 27–30, 40, 41, 49, 66, 69, 74, 87, 89, 108, 115, 116, 129, 130, 138n, 16, 142, 148–151, 159, 160, 164, 168–170, 174, 175, 181, 188, 189, 197, 207–211, 214, 216–218, 222, 224, 229, 230, 232, 233, 234, 254 Policymakers, 6, 7, 9, 12, 21, 27, 30, 40, 42, 68, 87, 94, 106, 114, 137, 198, 211, 212, 250 Post-academic science, 9 Post-baccalaureate Education, 92–93 Powell, Walter W., 1–32, 40, 42–44, 47, 50, 55–80, 86, 88, 96, 118, 121, 174, 233, 235, 238 DiMaggio, P. and, 185 Primary education, 40, 208, 209 Private institutions, 27, 91, 94. 95, 106–108, 153, 209–211 Productivity, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 17, 21–31, 55–80, 86, 93, 99, 103, 105, 106, 109, 115, 118, 119–128, 137, 138n, 3, 139n, 17, 142, 152, 153, 156–163, 169, 174, 207, 219–222, 229, 233, 238, 239, 240, 249–274 Public funding, 5, 69, 178, 237 Qatar, 3, 5, 9, 11, 17, 18, 25, 28, 30–32, 38, 42, 46–49, 79, 139, 227–246, 248 Qatar Foundation for Education, Science and Community Development, the / QF, 230 Qatar National Research Fund (QNRF), 139, 236, 244, 245 Qatar National Research Strategy, 237, 244 Qatar National Vision 2030 (QNV), 230 Qatar Science and Technology Park (QSTP), 231, 236 Qatar University, 46, 233, 235, 239–242, 244, 245n2 Qualification, 42, 182, 185 Quality assurance, 43 Quality control, 211–212 Quantitative analysis, 12, 64 R&D expenditures, 44, 95, 153, 228 See also Funding, research funding Ranking, 12, 26, 31, 43, 93, 97, 99, 131, 137, 139n, 18, 179, 197, 258, 259 Recognition, 42, 74, 253, 254, 256 Recommendation, 7, 151, 234 Recruitment Program of Global Experts, the, 155, 156 Reform, 58, 74, 130, 143, 150–157, 159, 160, 168, 169, 174, 180–182, 210, 216–218, 224n, 4, 234 Regional competition, 17 See also Competition Research, 1–32, 38, 55–80, 85–109, 114, 142, 174, 206, 227–246, 248, 250 Research and development (R&D), 21, 25, 27, 31, 44, 57, 59, 66, 95, 142, 228, 233, 235, 236, 237, 263 Research evaluation system, 5, 12, 23, 31, 59, 75 Research Excellence Framework, 43, 59, 74 Research funding, 12, 20, 59, 62, 74, 75–76, 168, 179, 182, 186, 187, 198, 216, 217, 228, 229, 231, 233, 236–237 See also R&D Research infrastructure, 28, 39, 79, 229, 233. 237 Research institute, 2, 6, 17, 23, 25, 26, 29, 30, 56–60, 62–64, 66–72, 76, 77, 79, 80, 96, 121, 138n, 5, 144, 197, 198, 201n, 1, 215, 216, 220, 235–236, 241, 248 Research intensity, 22, 23, 44, 45, 59, 60, 76 See also R&D, GDP Research management, 12 Research organization, 16, 44, 60, 64–66, 78, 114, 115, 120, 138n, 2, 144, 165, 239, 240, 242, 244, 245n, 8, 248 Research output, 18, 21, 26, 60, 76, 114, 142, 160, 161, 168, 169, 182, 207, 218 Research personnel, 149, 218, 233, 235 Research policy, 6, 17, 29, 66, 69, 137 Research productivity, 27, 142, 169, 254 Research university, 1–32, 55–80, 85–109, 115, 130, 137, 142, 154, 157, 168, 179, 183–189, 192, 194, 198–200, 207, 212, 215–221, 224, 233–234 Research workforce, 210–216 Research-based teaching, 69 Royal Society, The (UK), 5, 72, 229, 232 Russell Group, The (UK), 74, 76 Russia/USSR, 11, 12, 15, 16, 58, 86, 88, 159, 170, 206, 260, 261, 263, 264, 272 S&T Workforce, 143–146 Sacred spark, the, 252, 253 Saka, Ayaka, 118, 138n1 San Francisco State University, 106 Saudi Arabia, 230, 231, 235, 248 Scandinavia, 21, 256 The schooled society, 21, 50, 56 See also Baker, David P. SCIE. See Science Citation Index Expanded Science, 1–32, 37–50, 55–80, 85–109, 113–139, 141–171, 173–201, 205–225, 229, 250 See also Research Science and technology, 21, 22, 24, 57, 60, 61, 74, 115, 117, 129, 130, 143, 144, 146–152, 163–165, 168, 198, 199, 207, 212–217, 219, 220, 222, 224, 231, 236 Science and technology policy (S&T Policy), 214 Science Citation Index (SCI), 11, 142, 222 Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE), 2, 15, 57, 99, 118, 138n, 3, 174, 207, 219, 245n8 Science for development, 40, 44, 233 Science production, 3, 8–10, 17, 19, 26, 27, 30, 31, 61, 80, 85–109, 113–139, 173–201, 205–225, 237, 250, 257–263 Science productivity, 2, 5, 17, 26, 28, 55–80, 99, 103, 137, 138n, 3, 139n, 17, 207, 219–222, 251, 252, 271, 273 Science publication, 3, 6, 13, 100–101, 137, 138n, 3, 180, 183 Science system, 5, 7, 14, 17–20, 29, 40, 57, 59, 61, 78, 200, 229 Scientific and Technological Development Plan, the, 147 Scientific effort, 95–96 Scientific impact, 12, 19, 31 Scientific management, 12 Scientific productivity, 2, 3, 6, 8, 17, 21–31, 56–62, 64, 66, 67, 71, 75–80, 109, 115–128, 137, 142, 156–163, 229, 238, 250–256, 263, 266, 271 Scientific Progress, the Universities, and the Federal Government / Seaborg Report, 198 Scientific publication, 2, 9, 10, 26, 27, 62, 68, 86, 87, 95, 101, 103, 109, 169, 174, 180, 183, 187, 188, 198, 199, 206, 232, 237 Scientific research, 3, 5, 7–10, 26, 27, 86, 91, 94, 96, 100, 104, 108, 109, 114, 118, 131, 142–147, 149, 150, 153–157, 160, 163, 164, 166, 169, 170, 174, 188, 190, 231, 237, 253, 255 See also Research, science Scientometricians, 3, 17 Scopus database. See Elsevier Scopus Scott, W. Richard, 7, 8, 44, 62, 63, 93, 97, 185 Seniority-based personnel system, 182 Seoul National University (SNU), 208, 209, 220 Shanghai University of Science and Technology, 164–165 Singapore, 229, 265 Sino-Japanese War, 143 Skilled labor, 177 Slovenia, 229 Social equality, 250–252, 273 27, 143, 148 of science, 3, 11, 17, 98, 99, 101, 108, 200, 252, 254 3, 5, 9, 11, 17, 18, 19, 22, 23, 25, 27, 30, 38, 40, 44–50, 170n, 1, Union, 16, 144, 208, 273 5, 30, 261, 271, 272 Program, 152 See Science Productivity, Higher Education, Research and Development, and the Knowledge Society University, 91, 98, 103, 104, 106, 215 Model, 106 C., 8, 97 / 6, 7, 25, 31, 38, 44, 61, 72, 76, 100, 183, 215, 231, 233, 234, 235, 238, 239, 241, 243, 259, partnership, 70 65, 74, 154, 179, 253 120–128, 137, of 254 42 University, 106 research university, 9, 26, 56, See also Research 219, 250, 254, 260, 261, 263, 264, 265, 272 See World Income 21, 250, 256, 260, 271, 272 26, University 221 3, 9, 11, 17, 18, 22, 23, 25, 38, 41, 45, 46, 49, 119, 173–201, 272 Excellence University of 70 Technological University, Technology, 2, 38, 57, 86, 114, 143, 231, 250 University, 89, 95, 234, 239, Scientific Revolution, 147 Thomson Reuters 2, 4, 24, 26, 56, 61, 67, 68, 71, 75, 78, 79, 86, 107, 120, 138, 142, 158, 159, 161, 163, 165, 166, 168, 174, 180, 181, 188, 193, 195, 206, 221, 245n, 8, 256, 257, 259, 261, 262, 265, 272 talents, China, 155–156 University, 121 Program, 152 5, 9, 12, 27, 28, 63, 69, 143, 148, 177, 183, 185, 186, 229 of Universities, 194–200 75, 101, 108, 160, 175, 182, 186, 192, 244 9 University, 153 3, 17–19, 25, 26, 28, 29, 38, 41, 49, 56, 57, 63, 77, 86, 89, 90, 101, 102, 108, 109, 142, 157, 175, 194, 206, 208, 255, 257, 263 project, China, 154 education, 73, 91 266, 274n2 25, 42, 43, 45, 153 World Conference, United Kingdom Great Britain, 3, 5, 9, 17, 19, 21, 25, 26, 30, 40, 43, 55–80, 119, 231, 258, 259, 262, 263, 271 United 3, 5, 9, 11, 25, 26, 29, 30, 31, 38, 39, 44, 57, 58, 73, 85–109, 115, 119, 142, 147, 151, 169, 170, 175, 176, 198, 199, 208, 211, 212, 231, 234, 250, 258, 259, 262, 263, 271 United 106 education, de 63, 64 University, 1–32, 38, 55–80, 85–109, 114, 142, 173–201, 207, 228, 248, 255 See also Research University Act, 182 University University of 106 University of 232 University of 103, 104, 106 University of 72, 76 University of 73 University of 63, University of 68 University of 106 University of 92, 94, 103, 104 University of North 98, 104 University of 63, 72, 76 University of Science and Technology of China, 149, University of 116, 120, 121, 131, University Policy, University Research Model, 2, 87, 101, 102, 228 43 University, 209 University, 121 22, 29, 31, 77, 249–274 of See also Thomson Reuters of Science 2, 4, 24, 3, 61, 62, 67, 68, 71, 75, 78, 79, 107, 118, 120, 138n, 3, 158, 159, 165, 166, 168, 180, 181, 188, 193, 195, 221, 257, 259, 261, 262, 265, 272 See also Thomson Reuters Cornell College in Qatar, 106, 234, The Program, 155 Germany, 16, 260, 261, 264, 271, 272 See also World 153, 197, 228, 229, 248, World University The 179, 192, 200 World Higher Education 25, 41, 46, research, 115, 130, research university, 97, 137, 154, 207, 216–219, 224 university, 74, 115, 138n, 16, 169, 170, 179, 187, 222 World Organization 42 / World War, 40, 49, 174, 175, 177, 181 University, 95, 103, 104 155 University, 221, 224 K., 10 Book The of the Research University and Science Higher Education and the Growth of The Institutionalization of Higher Education in The European Center of Science Research Universities and in France, Germany, and the United Kingdom Science in the United Mass Higher Education and the Research University Science in The of Competitive of Block and The of Higher Education and Science in China Science in Universities, The Growth of Higher Education and Science in Korea of Scientific Article and the of National Research in Qatar, Productivity, Development, and the Index

Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.