Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract The idea of extracting significant, utility‐scale energy from the difference in sea level height between high and low tides (the tidal range) has been actively considered for around a century. As well as being a low carbon technology, the scale of the resource is significant, particularly for certain countries, such as the United Kingdom, France, Canada, and Korea. However, tidal range power schemes also present complex challenges, most notably the economics and (particularly more recently) environmental aspects, which are connected. The economics of tidal power schemes is very strongly dependent on the discount rate applied to the cost of energy (CoE) calculation because of the long construction period and the very long life of the main structure, which may represent ca. 50% of the overall costs. Historically, ebb generation has been focused on, as this was expected to have the lowest CoE. However, effective ebb generation, optimized for CoE, generally means that the tidal range within the impounded basin is around 50% of the natural tidal range, and one of the key issues is quantifying the loss of intertidal habitat and its relative impacts, as well as how compensatory habitats could be created. More recently, dual mode generation has been focused on as a means to reduce some of the undesirable environmental impacts of ebb generation, as the tidal range more closely matches the natural tidal range; in addition, the power output may be smoother and therefore easier to absorb onto the grid. As tidal range schemes must have a reasonably significant effect on the natural tidal cycle in order to extract useful energy, mathematical modeling of the tides and associated aspects is required to allow an understanding of both the operation of the tidal range scheme, especially its energy output, and its impacts on aspects such as water levels, currents, sedimentation, and water quality. Although various tidal range schemes have been under development for around a century, only two significant utility‐scale schemes have been built, both being ca. 250 MW . The La Rance barrage in France has been operating for ca. 50 years, and the technology has been well proven. Few significant tidal range schemes are under active development outside the United Kingdom and South Korea; and the United Kingdom's Swansea Bay lagoon scheme in particular may determine the success of the sector in France, the United Kingdom, and Canada over the next few decades. This project attempts to address some of the key economic and environmental constraints that have hampered the sector.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,103 | 0,040 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».