Mineral weathering and ectomycorrhizae of Picea glauca x engelmannii (Moench.) Voss with emphasis on Piloderma
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Piloderma is one of the most recognizable ectomycorrhizal fungi in many forest ecosystems in North America. It is a broad host range fungus commonly observed in many economically important coniferous and deciduous trees in central interior British Columbia. Piloderma may benefit these forests through increased soil mineral weathering and nutrient availability. This thesis investigates the role of Piloderma in the weathering of common soil minerals to supply K and/or Mg in the rhizosphere soils of Picea glauca. I also documented the changes in the physical, chemical and mineralogical properties of rhizosphere soils influenced by Pilodermaand other common ectomycorrhizal fungi. In the first study, I investigated the role of Piloderma in weathering and extracting K and/or Mg from biotite, microcline, and chlorite. Specifically, I compared the in vitro growth, morphology, and chemical properties of Piloderma growing within three K and/or Mg-containing minerals that are commonly found in soils of central interior British Columbia. Piloderma cultures were grown for 110 days in medium enriched with K and/or Mg from biotite, microcline, and chlorite, in K and Mg poor media and in medium optimized for proper fungal growth. Chemical analysis indicated that Piloderma more efficiently weathered biotite to obtain K over microcline. The different growth, morphologies, and small amounts ofMg found in all treatments indicated that chlorite and biotite provide a sufficient supply ofMg. Piloderma grown in treatments with insufficient K showed distinct fibrillar growths, hypha! swellings, and hyphae devoid of ornamentation and could be indicative of nutrient deficiency. This study indicated that considerable amounts of K and minor amounts of Mg are essential for !"roper Piloderma growth and, perhaps more that Piloderma could provide sufficient amounts of K from the weathering of biotite. In the second study, the pH, total C and N, cation exchange capacity, and the contents of mica, chlorite, kaolinite, 2:1 type expandable clays, and amorphous materials were compared between two ectomycorrhizosphere soils (soils containing considerable ectomycorrhizal colonization) and non-ectomycorrhizosphere soils (bulk) of Picea glauca x engelmannii (Moench.) Voss) to elucidate the role of ectomycorrhizae on the chemical and mineralogical properties of soils in the field. The two ectomycorrhizosphere soils were characterized by colonization dominated by (1) Piloderma, and (2) Inocybe lacera-like and ~ Hebeloma-like morphotypes or where Piloderma colonization was <1 %. Results showed that pH was one unit lower in ectomycorrhizosphere compared to nonectomycorrhizosphere soils. Total C and N were significantly higher in ectomycorrhizosphere soils where C was three times higher and N was two times higher than non-ectomycorrhizosphere soils. Cation exchange capacity as well as exchangeable K+, and Na+ were higher in ectomycorrhizosphere soils compared to bulk soils where K+ >Na+. Base saturation was significantly lower in non-ectomycorrhizal soils compared to both ectomycorrhizosphere soils. Compared to bulk soils X-ray diffraction did suggest the transformation of mica and chlorite to 2:1 type expandable clays in ectomycorrhizosphere soils.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».