A Comprehensive Planning Framework for Urban Inland Oil Spill Management
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Oil spills occurring on land have accounted for at least one third or over 24,000 of all land spills (approximately 76,000) of various substances reported in Ontario from 1988 to 2013. The objective of this research was to develop a comprehensive planning framework for urban inland oil spill management encompassing all three stages of spill management: (1) prevention, (2) control and (3) response. An inland oil spill database was developed and the source of each spill was analyzed. Preliminary analyses determined that approximately 46 % of spills occur at fixed locations (stationary spills), 21 % of spills involve moving vehicles (transportation-related), 13 % involve moving vehicle accidents (transportation-related accidents) and 20 % were categorized as other kinds of spills. Sub-databases were developed for both stationary and transportation-related spills which include numeric and non-numeric data variables. Hot spot analyses (optimized version) were performed on a subset of transportation-related spills to develop a highway spill model. The highway spill model illustrates that the majority of highway spills (75 %) occur at interchanges and the remaining spills occur either on the highway (8 %) or at unknown locations (17%). A macro program was developed to simulate future spill events based on historical spill events of gasoline spills within the case study area. The variables under study were fitted with distributions and Monte Carlo or Iman Conover methods were used to generate simulation results spreadsheets of spill series data based on the fitted distributions. The final macro program generated 30,000 simulation results spreadsheets and compiled the results in an aggregate spreadsheet. Descriptive statistics of the numeric variables were calculated and used to recommend spill management strategies. A simulation results spreadsheet with predicted spill records was used to develop a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) model to delineate spill pathways and calculate travel-time for overland flow and channel flow within the storm sewer system (geometric network). The model delineates the overland spill path and traces the spill path through the storm sewer network. The travel-time for each type of path is calculated and can be summed to determine the total travel-time for each predicted spill. Keywords: inland oil spill, comprehensive planning framework, spill management, prevention, control, response, stationary, transportation-related, hot spot analysis, macro program, Monte Carlo, Iman Conover, simulation, GIS, travel-time, spill path, geometric network
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».