Greater Than the Sum: Systems Thinking in Tobacco Control
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The evolution of the Tobacco Control Monograph Series underscores its growing importance as a resource for researchers, practitioners, and policy makers in tobacco control as well as in other areas of public health.Lessons learned from tobacco prevention and control can be applied to a variety of public health issues, including physical activity, diet and nutrition, overweight and obesity, and substance abuse.The National Cancer Institute (NCI) is committed to disseminating this cross-cutting knowledge to the widest possible audience so that others can benefit from the experience of the tobacco prevention and control community.By so doing, NCI is increasing the evidence base for effective public health interventions and improving the translation of research to practice and policy.In 1991, NCI published the first monograph in a series designed to address cutting-edge issues and research on tobacco control.That monograph, Strategies to Control Tobacco Use in the United States: A Blueprint for Public Health Action in the 1990's, was visionary in its scope and focus: not only did it acknowledge that tobacco use was a complex problem that demanded new ways of thinking and acting, but it also encouraged expanded exploration of tobacco use issues by the tobacco control community.The three-axis model for the American Stop Smoking Intervention Study for Cancer Prevention (ASSIST), described in Monograph 1, was designed to address the complex interplay of varied target populations, critical channels for intervening (e.g., health care, schools, worksites, and community groups), and intervention types (e.g., mass media, program services, and policy).(See Monograph 16: ASSIST: Shaping the Future of Tobacco Prevention and Control and Monograph 17: Evaluating ASSIST: A Blueprint for Understanding State-level Tobacco Control for more details.)Although it did not adopt the "systems" nomenclature, Monograph 1 laid the foundation for this monograph (Monograph 18), which provides a new and expanded vision of tobacco control as a complex adaptive system.This new model encourages the tobacco control community to (1) collect and use vast arrays of data more effectively; (2) develop and optimize networks to enable the community to more efficiently address varied populations, critical channels for intervention, and intervention types; and (3) support the analysis of complex systems so that more effective strategic decisions are made.Monograph 18 builds on the foundation laid by Monograph 1 by explicitly encouraging (1) the development of informatics infrastructures and collaborative networks, (2) analysis of complex interacting variables, and (3) adoption of new interventions that can speed research to practice (and practice to research).Monograph 18, as the conceptual heir to Monograph 1, provides a new framework for thinking about and acting on the complex relationships among causal factors of public health threats, and it challenges us to consider not just whether we can more effectively use our knowledge of informatics and information management, networks, and complex systems, but whether we will use those essential tools to more rapidly benefit the public's health.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,015 | 0,012 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,004 | 0,003 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,004 | 0,024 |
| Communication savante | 0,013 | 0,015 |
| Science ouverte | 0,002 | 0,005 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,004 | 0,010 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,006 | 0,001 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».