First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole in the Center of the Milky Way
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Résumé
Abstract We present the first Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations of Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), the Galactic center source associated with a supermassive black hole. These observations were conducted in 2017 using a global interferometric array of eight telescopes operating at a wavelength of λ = 1.3 mm. The EHT data resolve a compact emission region with intrahour variability. A variety of imaging and modeling analyses all support an image that is dominated by a bright, thick ring with a diameter of 51.8 ± 2.3 μ as (68% credible interval). The ring has modest azimuthal brightness asymmetry and a comparatively dim interior. Using a large suite of numerical simulations, we demonstrate that the EHT images of Sgr A* are consistent with the expected appearance of a Kerr black hole with mass ∼4 × 10 6 M ⊙ , which is inferred to exist at this location based on previous infrared observations of individual stellar orbits, as well as maser proper-motion studies. Our model comparisons disfavor scenarios where the black hole is viewed at high inclination ( i > 50°), as well as nonspinning black holes and those with retrograde accretion disks. Our results provide direct evidence for the presence of a supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way, and for the first time we connect the predictions from dynamical measurements of stellar orbits on scales of 10 3 –10 5 gravitational radii to event-horizon-scale images and variability. Furthermore, a comparison with the EHT results for the supermassive black hole M87* shows consistency with the predictions of general relativity spanning over three orders of magnitude in central mass.
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La notice
- Revue
- The Astrophysical Journal Letters
- Thématique
- Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
- Domaine
- Physics and Astronomy
- Établissements canadiens
- Western UniversityCanadian Institute for Theoretical AstrophysicsUniversity of TorontoPerimeter InstituteUniversity of WaterlooCanadian Institute for Advanced ResearchMcGill University
- Organismes subventionnaires
- Los Alamos National LaboratoryOak Ridge National LaboratoryArmy Research OfficeOffice of International Science and EngineeringNational Key Research and Development Program of ChinaJapan Society for the Promotion of SciencePhysics Division, National Center for Theoretical SciencesNational Nuclear Security AdministrationOffice of ScienceToray Science FoundationEast Asian Core Observatories AssociationInstitut Périmètre de physique théoriqueAgencia Nacional de Investigación y DesarrolloIstituto Nazionale di Fisica NucleareNational Astronomical Observatory of JapanUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoRecruitment Program of Global ExpertsShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityAcademy of FinlandMax-Planck-GesellschaftCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueMinistry of Education, IndiaNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Research Foundation of KoreaMinisterio de Ciencia, Innovación y UniversidadesNuclear Safety and Security CommissionGeneralitat ValencianaNational Science FoundationChina Postdoctoral Science FoundationInstituto de Astrofísica de AndalucíaDeutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftNederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekChinese Academy of SciencesAcademia SinicaJunta de AndalucíaUniversiteit van AmsterdamNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaNetherlands eScience CenterEuropean Southern ObservatoryJohn Templeton FoundationChina Scholarship CouncilMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and TechnologyRadboud UniversiteitNational Research FoundationUniversity of PretoriaCompute CanadaJoint Institute for Computational Fundamental ScienceUniversity of ArizonaSmithsonian InstitutionInternational Max Planck Research School for Environmental, Cellular and Molecular MicrobiologyVetenskapsrådetU.S. Department of EnergyEuropean CommissionLeverhulme TrustNational Radio Astronomy ObservatoryKorea Astronomy and Space Science InstituteScience and Technology Facilities CouncilUniversiteit LeidenAssociated UniversitiesSpace Telescope Science InstituteUniversitat de ValènciaNational Center for Theoretical SciencesDirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMinisterio de Ciencia e InnovaciónConsejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaConsejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasUniversity of ChicagoNational Institutes of Natural SciencesGovernment of CanadaNational Aeronautics and Space AdministrationGordon and Betty Moore FoundationFlatiron Health
- Mots-clés
- Sagittarius A*Supermassive black holeGalactic CenterMilky WaySagittariusPhysicsEvent horizonAstronomyCenter (category theory)AstrophysicsShadow (psychology)TelescopeBlack hole (networking)Event (particle physics)GalaxyPsychologyComputer scienceComputer security
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- oui