Surface Modification of Three-Dimensional Au Coated Polymer Electrodes for Electrochemical Reduction of CO<sub>2</sub>
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Electrochemical reduction of CO2 (CO2R) into chemical and fuels has found its place among scientists in the past decade as a promising field to invest in for moving towards a greener future. However, finding catalysts for CO2R has been a real challenge for researchers. The four main requirements for a good CO2R catalyst performance include activity, selectivity, stability, and low cost. Furthermore, as catalysis is a surface based process, achieving high catalytically active surface areas exposed to CO2 while the conversion process is occurring is important. The type of transition metal catalyst and the exposed surface facets used for CO2 reduction plays a role on the activity and selectivity towards different reaction products. Furthermore, tuning the 3-dimensional structure of CO2R electrodes enables control of the local reaction environment that can impact overall catalytic performance.1 In this work, we control the 3-dimensional structure of an Au catalyst coated on a polymeric-based substrate, along with investigating the impact of surface decoration of metal adatoms. The coating of Au on the polymer substrate was accomplished following a previously developed electroless deposition method.2 CO2R was carried out in a custom designed three electrode cell reported previously3 with a flow of CO2 maintained over a 1 h chronoamperometry electrolysis process. The counter electrode was Pt foil and 0.1 M KHCO3 was used as the electrolyte. The modified surface showed an almost 5 times higher peak in its cyclic voltammetry (CV) in compare to the plain surface. This means that the actual active surface area of the modified surface sample is almost 5 times higher the plain sample (demonstrated in Figure 1a). This significantly affects the CO2R performance of these surfaces. Figure 1b depicts the activity of the modified three-dimensional electrode surface and the two-dimensional plain surface as a function of electrode potential. By decorating these electrodes with other metal species at the surface we observed interesting activity and selectivity trends that arise due to synergistic interactions between the two metal species and modified transport properties due to the three-dimensionality of the polymer supported electrodes. In this presentation we will discuss these reactivity trends and provide insight into the activity and selectivity observed, supported by detailed structural analyses and supplementary measurements. Figure 1. (a) CV of a plain and modified surface of Au in 2.25 M of H2SO4; the counter electrode was Pt foil and the scan rate was 50 mV/s. (b) Activity (current density vs. different electrode potentials) of both the three-dimensional modified and two-dimensional plain surfaces. References Hall, A. S.; Yoon, Y.; Wuttig, A.; Surendranath, Y., Mesostructure-Induced Selectivity in CO2 Reduction Catalysis. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2015, 137 (47), 14834-14837. Gabardo, C. M.; Adams-McGavin, R. C.; Fung, B. C.; Mahoney, E. J.; Fang, Q.; Soleymani, L., Rapid prototyping of all-solution-processed multi-lengthscale electrodes using polymer-induced thin film wrinkling. Scientific Reports 2017, 7 (1), 1-9. Kuhl, K. P.; Cave, E. R.; Abram, D. N.; Jaramillo, T. F., New insights into the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide on metallic copper surfaces. Energy & Environmental Science 2012, 5 (5), 7050-7059. Figure 1
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».