Arterial hypertension and its covariates among nomadic Raute hunter-gatherers of Western Nepal: a mixed-method study
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract Objectives To determine the prevalence of, and understand the factors associated with, hypertension among the nomadic Raute hunter-gatherers of Western Nepal. Design A mixed-method study. Setting The study was carried out at Raute temporary campsites in the Surkhet District of Karnali Province between May to September 2021. Participants The questionnaire-based survey included all males and non-pregnant females of the nomadic Raute group aged 15 years and above. In-depth interviews were conducted among purposively selected 15 Raute participants and four non-Raute key informants to help explain and enrich the quantitative findings. Outcome measures The prevalence of hypertension (defined as brachial artery blood pressure of systolic ≥ 140 mm Hg and/or diastolic ≥ 90 mm Hg) and its socio-demographic, anthropometric, and behavioral covariates. Results Of the 85 eligible participants, 81 [median age 35 years (interquartile range: 26–51), 46.9% female] were included in the final analysis. Hypertension was found in 10.5% of females, 48.8% of men, and 30.9% of the total population. Current alcohol and tobacco use were high (91.4% and 70.4%, respectively), with concerning high rates among youths. Males, older people, current drinkers, and current tobacco users were more likely to have hypertension. Our qualitative analysis suggests that the traditional forest-based Raute economy is gradually transitioning into a cash-based one that heavily relies on government incentives. Consumption of commercial foods, drinks, and tobacco products is increasing as their market involvement grows. Conclusion This study found a high burden of hypertension, alcohol, and tobacco use among nomadic Raute hunter-gatherers facing socioeconomic and dietary transitions. Further research is needed to assess the long-term impact of these changes on their health. This study is expected to help appraise concerned policymakers of an emerging health concern and formulate context-specific and culturally sensitive interventions to limit hypertension-related morbidities and mortalities in this endangered population. Strengths and limitations of this study This is the first study to report the prevalence of hypertension and its covariates among the nomadic Raute hunter-gatherers of Nepal. The major strengths of this study are the use of a mixed-method design to have both quantitative and qualitative perspectives, near total population enrollment, and robust methodology. The cross-sectional design of this study limits its ability to establish causal relationships between the variables. Several important factors, such as dietary fruits and vegetable consumption, salt intake, and level of physical activities, as well as the presence of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, or central obesity, were not assessed, preventing this study from determining the community’s actual cardiovascular disease risk. Interviews taken in language non-native (Nepali) to the Raute may be subject to language bias.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,003 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».