Sex Differences In The Relationships Among Grey Matter Volume, Physical Activity And Obesity In Aging
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Résumé
SYNOPSIS: In aging, those with obesity have worsened structural integrity compared to lean. Conversely, those with greater physical activity levels (PA) have enhanced cerebral structure. Thus, the protective effects of PA could alleviate the negatives of obesity. As there are known sex differences in structural integrity, the relationships between obesity and PA were investigated separately by sex. We identified that females with higher PA, regardless of obesity, had enhanced grey matter volume (GMV), whereas overweight males with higher PA had higher GMV compared to lower PA overweight. PURPOSE: to identify potential sex differences in the relationships among physical activity and fitness, obesity and GMV in aging. METHODS: Two unique datasets were combined; 226 females (62.8 yo ± 4.8) and 88 (63.2 yo ± 4.7) males participated in this study. Participants underwent a 3 T Magnetic resonance imaging scan, with a T1-weighted acquisition to quantify GMV. Height and weight was measured to calculate body mass index (BMI). Fitness was measured for study 1 with a VO2peak test (referred to as PA here), whereas study 2 was a PA questionnaire used to quantify weekly total Metabolic Equivalents. For each study, BMI and PA outcomes were converted to sex-specific z-scores. PA was median-split into high PA and low PA groups, and each sex groups was separated into: i) lean; ii) high PA overweight; and iii) low PA overweight. RESULTS: Females with high compared to low PA demonstrated increased GMV in frontal, temporal and hippocampal regions (all p’s < 0.05). No differences between lean, and high and low Fitness/PA overweight groups (p > 0.05) were found in females. Males showed no significant difference in GMV between PA level (p > 0.05). However, lean males had higher GMV than high and low PA overweight, and overweight high PA males had greater GMV than overweight low PA males in frontal, parietal, and temporal regions (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Sex-specific relationships among GMV, PA and obesity were revealed. Thus, suggesting enhanced GMV occurs in lean males, yet in those who are overweight, having greater PA levels is seemingly able to alleviate the effects of obesity on the brain. Future work should include other imaging parameters, such as perfusion, to identify if these differences are co-occurring in the same GMV regions.
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| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
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Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découle