Central obesity and diet quality in rural farming women of Ngamiland, Botswana.
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Rapid economic growth in Botswana like in other countries has led to the emergence of nutrition transition . Overweight/obesity , central adiposity and associated co - morbidities are on the rise, especially amongst women. Urban women have been shown to be more prone to overweight/obesity compared to men . However , the situation in rural women has not been studied. Therefore, this paper assesses the prevalence of central obesity in rural female farmers (N=113) of Ngamiland, Botswana over two years. Estimation of central obesity was made through assessment of waist circumference (WC) and waist hip ratios (WHR) . The WHO Indicator cut - off points ( WC: l ow risk = <80 cm ; increased = 80 - 87.9 cm ; and substantially increased = >88 cm and WHR: low risk = ≤0.85 and high risk = 0.85+ ) for risk of metabolic complication were used to categorize women according to body fat ness levels . A non - quantified dietary diversity questionnaire was also administered to individual s with responsibility over food , to assess the participant ’ s dietary diversity. Women were assigned dietary diversity score s (DDS) ranging from 0 to 8, depending on the number of food groups represented in their diet in the past 24 hours. The higher the number t he more diversified the diet . These measurements were collected in August 2010 and September 2011. Between 2010 and 2011 the mean WC increased from 87±11.8 to 90.2±14.5 while the WHRs in 2010 increased from 0.83±0.1 to 0.86±0.1 respectively . Diets comprised mostly of starchy foods, milk and miscellaneous foods such as fats/oils, sugars, and condiments. Mean DDS for both periods was 3 showing poo r quality diet and little change over the two years. Central adiposity was observed amongst the women as shown by a significant increase in WC between 2010 and 2011 (t=2.818, df=112, p=0.006) . Contrary to expectations that rural female farmers in Ngamiland Botswana would be healthy compared to their non - farming counterparts, there seems to be an observable similar trend of overweight. Furthermore, quality of traditional diets seems to be deteriorating with less consumption of healthy protective and nutrient dense foods , which are likely to influence a rise in metabolic complications. The authors therefore recommend strategies that will facilitate reduction of waist size s to 80.0 cm such as farming and consumption of healthier foods such as fruits and vegetables along with the commonly produced ones in the fields . F arming communities should also value and include traditional and wild foods in their diets to increase dietary diversity and reduce the risk of development of chronic diseases.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».