Tachinids as good biocontrol agents of agricultural pests
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
<strong>ABSTRACT</strong> Tachinids (Diptera: Tachinidae) are good biocontrol agents of agricultural and other crop plants. They are broadly divided into macro egg laying and micro egg laying individuals. Macro egg laying tachinids deposited their eggs directly on the insect pest body while, micro egg laying tachinids laid on the host plants of insect pests. In both cases, after getting the entry into the host body, eggs hatched into maggots and maggots consumed internal tissues of the pest insects by killing them when they came out by breaking the body wall of pest stages like larvae and pupae. Mostly pest larvae have been found attacked by tachinids. The diversity of tachinids and their biocontrol potential is summarized in the paper. <strong>KEY WORDS: </strong>Tachinids, diversity, biocontrol potential. <strong>REFERENCES</strong> Arnaud P. H. Jr. A Host-Parasite Catalog of North American Tachinidae (Diptera). USDA Misc. Publ. 1319. 860 (1978). Al-Dobai, S., Reitz, S. and Sivinski, J. Tachinidae (Diptera) associated with flowering plants: estimating floral attractiveness. <em>Biological Control</em>, <strong>61</strong>: 230–239 (2012). Allen G. R. The biology of the phonotactic parasitoid, <em>Homotrixia</em> sp. (Diptera: Tachinidae), and its impact on the survival of male Sciarasaga quadrata (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) in the field. <em>Ecol. Entomol.,</em> 20:103–10 (1995). Belshaw R. Tachinid flies. Diptera: Tachinidae. Handbooks for the identification of British Insects. London: <em>R. Entomol. Soc. London,</em> 10, Part 4a(i). 170 (1993). Boettner, G. H., Elkinton, J. S. and Boettner, C. J. Effects of a biological control introduction on three nontarget native species of saturniid moths. <em>Conservation Biology,</em> <strong>14</strong>: 1798–1806 (2000). Crosskey R. W. A taxonomic conspectus of the Tachinidae (Diptera) of the Oriental Region. <em>Bull. Br. Mus. Natl. Hist. Entomol. Suppl., </em>26. 357 (1976). 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Entomol.,</em> <strong>51: </strong>525-555 (2006).
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,002 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,029 | 0,001 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; les deux têtes enseignantes s’accordent sur ce qui est montré ici.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».