Digital Simulation of Blockage-Removing Mechanism Upon Microfracturing of Unconsolidated Sandstone Formation
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract Fine migration is considered to be the primary factor leading to the production decline of the unconsolidated sandstone formations. Micro-fracturing technology is regarded as a practical approach to solving these problems for improving the permeability near the wellbore. However, no detailed and comprehensive research has investigated the blockage-removing mechanism upon microfracturing. Therefore, a comprehensive simulation method is proposed in this study, capable of simulating the permeability evolution and the mechanical responses of the unconsolidated sandstone during the micro-fracturing. Afterward, the blockage-removing mechanism of micro-fracturing and the associated mechanical deformation are analyzed in a field case. Furthermore, the simulation results were classified using digital method and made into a predictive chart. The results show that the permeability damage caused by a blockage in an unconsolidated sandstone can be treated by micro-fracturing. The underlying mechanisms can be summarized in three aspects. First, the hydraulic effect can mitigate the permeability damage caused by particle deposition. Secondly, the increase in pore throat radius due to pore dilation can disrupt the structure of the particle bridging. Third, the blockage caused by size exclusion is diminished due to an increase in the effective pore radius. These results elucidated the mechanism of blockage removal by microfracturing and provided valuable guidance for field engineers to improve the subsequent stimulation work. Introduction In recent years, more and more oil and gas resources are found in unconsolidated sands or weakly consolidated sandstones, such as the Gulf of Mexico, Athabasca (Canada), Orinoco (Venezuela), and Bohai Bay Basin of China (Xiong et al., 2018; Wang et al., 2021). These resources include conventional oil and gas reservoirs and unconventional reservoirs such as oil sands. The loss of permeability caused by fines migration in the reservoir is always considered a significant factor responsible for productivity decline. Due to unconsolidated cementation, fines migration almost occurs during the whole process of oil and gas reservoir development, such as drilling, fracturing, water injection, or liquid production. Due to the high fluid velocity near-wellbore, it is essential to note that fines migration and blocking always occur near the wellbore. Various approaches have been proposed to alleviate the adverse effects of fines migration on reservoir permeability, including nanofluid clay stabilizers, and polymers. (Huang et al., 2008; Yuan et al., 2016; Zhang et al., 2015). However, these methods are not only costly and effective for a short period, but are mainly preventive in focus.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,003 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».