Assessment of tsunami coastal hazard along the Northwest Vancouver Island from coseismic sources in Cascadia and Alaska subduction zones
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The distant and near-field tsunamis from the Pacific Ocean have frequently impacted the western coast of Canada over time. Local seismic sources including the Cascadia Subduction Zone and distant sources including the Aleutian Islands may impose destructive tsunamis on the west coast communities of Canada. Among those, Northwest Vancouver Island has a rich cultural history and strong first nations communities. Unlike populated areas around the Strait of Georgia and Salish Sea, less research has been carried out on the vulnerability of the Northwest Vancouver Island communities to tsunami hazards. There are several First Nations Territories within this region including Kyuquot and Nuchatlaht in addition to several villages including Gold River, Port Alice, Tahsis, and Zeballos. Understanding tsunami hazards is key to protecting these communities from the destruction of the tsunami.In this study, the Strathcona Regional District, British Columbia (BC), Canada, in partnership with the Ka:’yu:’k’t’h’/Che:k:tles7et’h’ First Nations and Nuchatlaht First Nation, engaged Northwest Hydraulic Consultants Ltd. (NHC), Ocean Networks Canada Society (ONC), and Northwest Seismic Consultants Ltd. to undertake a tsunami risk assessment in the region. We at ONC developed integrated topographic and bathymetric digital elevation models (DEM) of Northwest Vancouver Island and performed tsunami modelling to support inundation, vulnerability, and hazard mapping. We used a numerical modelling approach to estimate the tsunami hazard on the coastal communities of Northwest Vancouver Island. Tsunami wave propagation was simulated using the well-known FUNWAVE-TVD model that has been extensively used for tsunamis around the world.The results demonstrated that the tsunami waves generated by both near-and far-field earthquakes impact Northwest Vancouver Island communities, however, the impact of the nearfield tsunami is more significant. The most impacted areas are semi-enclosed bays and inlets due to the energy focusing in the narrow regions and wave shoaling in the shallow areas enhanced by possible resonances. For the Cascadia scenario, the tsunami wave amplitudes reach up to 6 m in the proximity of Kyuquot located on the open ocean side of Vancouver Island coastline and up to 4.5 m in the vicinity of the communities within the inlets. For the near-field source, the tsunami arrival times were estimated 25 minutes along the outer west coastline of Vancouver Island and SO minutes inside the inlets, while for the far-field source, the maximum tsunami wave will reach these areas in about 3 to 5 hours. Results of this study suggest that sea level rise does not significantly influence the tsunami wave amplitude at offshore locations, but the propagation of these waves overland will lead to greater extents of flooding as a result of sea level rise. The outputs of this study were presented in several hazard, inundation, and assets-at-risk maps by NHC, as well as provided recommendations on emergency management and risk reduction.
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».