Middelburg: The city – The majority of commanders from the city of Middelburg – From Company to Navy – Making a fortune at the Cape – Two very different men – Changes in geographical origins
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Moving southwards, to the province of Zealand, the seat of the Zealand Chamber was in the city of Middelburg. It was a large Chamber which generated a quarter of the turnover of the Company, in fact as much as that of Enkhuizen, Hoorn, Delft and Rotterdam combined. In contrast to both the previous cities, Middelburg was not situated on open water; nevertheless of all the Company harbours it had the shortest and the best connection with the North Sea. The distance from Middelburg to open water was 7 kilometres. Towed by horses, a ship would travel from Middelburg via a straight canal, dug in 1535, and then by the narrow, somewhat winding canal of Welsinghe, to the Vlacke, the entrance to the Sloe, the waterway between the islands of Walcheren and Zuid Beveland, at Fort Rammekens on the Wester Scheldt. The navigability of this route was constantly deteriorating and in need of maintenance, but it was only in 1792 after repeated complaints by the Zealand Chamber that the canal and the harbour were dredged. In the roads off Rammekens, the additional loading took place and cargo was discharged after a return voyage. The city was equipped with the usual facilities of a VOC Chamber; these were situated on the harbour in the vicinity of the entrance to the canal. As it was equipped with locks, this was the oldest tidal harbour in the Dutch Republic. The facilities consisted of the Oost-Indisch Huis , the shipyard and the warehouses. The ropewalk was just outside the city walls. All these facilities were expanded at the beginning of the eighteenth century. In 1711 the Oost-Indisch Huis was considerably enlarged and afterwards extended to the warehouses situated at its rear, reached via three consecutive courtyards. The havoc wreaked by war in 1940 destroyed all the buildings with one exception: the house of the superintendent of the shipyard remained intact. The City Middelburg was the administrative centre of the province of Zealand. In both the seventeenth and the eighteenth centuries the city had more inhabitants than either Enkhuizen or Hoorn, but there are few reliable population figures. A 1660 estimate gives a number of between 28,000 and 30,000 townspeople, and an estimate in 1700 a slightly lower total. Around 1780 there would have been approximately 18,000 inhabitants.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,003 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,003 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,058 | 0,011 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».