Public Diplomacy in the U.S. Supreme Court: The Warren Years—Part II

Public Diplomacy in the U.S. Supreme Court: The Warren Years—Part II Theodore M. Vestal (bio) Theodore M. Vestal Theodore M. Vestal is a professor of political science and teaches at the School of International Studies at Oklahoma State University. ENDNOTES 1. Leo Katcher, Earl Warren: A Political Biography (New York: McGraw Hill, 1967), pp. 356, 405. The Warrens traveled to Canada for a two-week wedding trip in 1925. They stayed in “the grand old Empress Hotel in Victoria,” British Columbia. “The island, with its flowers and shrubbery, was beautiful, but the weather was atrocious.” There was a constant downpour for several days. The newlyweds entertained themselves by attending “a British trial.” Earl Warren, The Memoirs of Chief Justice Earl Warren (Lanham, MD: Madison Books, 1977), pp. 65–66. 2. Carey McWilliams, “The Education of Earl Warren,” The Nation, 12 October 1974, p. 326, quoted in Bernard Schwartz, Super Chief, Earl Warren and His Supreme Court (New York: New York University Press, 1983), p. 489. 3. Katcher, pp. 263–64; Christine L. Compston, Earl Warren: Justice for All (New York: Oxford University Press, 2001), p. 145. 4. Ed Cray, Chief Justice: A Biography of Earl Warren (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1997), p. 219. 5. Warren, Memoirs, pp. 262–63; John D. Weaver, Warren: The Man, The Court, The Era (Boston: Little Brown, 1967), p. 187; Cray, p. 248. Warren sat in a choir seat at Westminster Abbey and noticed Prime Minister Nehru sitting opposite him. 6. Warren, Memoirs, pp. 265–69; Cray, p. 249; Schwartz, pp. 1–7; Katcher, p. 301. 7. Consul General Ben Franklin Dixon, oral history interview, Foreign Affairs Oral History Collection of the Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training, American Memory, Library of Congress (CD-ROM, 2000) (hereafter Foreign Affairs Oral History Collection). 8. W.H. Lawrence, “Churchill Urges Patience in Coping with Red Dangers,” New York Times, June 27, 1954, p. 1. 9. “Warren on Vacation,” New York Times, June 15, 1955, p. 2. 10. “Finnish Press Spurns Red Peace Assembly,” New York Times, June 24, 1955, p. 9; “Warren Arrives in Norway,” New York Times, June 28, 1955, p. 7; Box 796, Address, Swedish-American celebration, Stockholm, Sweden, July 5, 1955, Earl Warren Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (hereafter EWPLC). 11. “Adenauer Entertains Warren,” New York Times, July 15, 1955, p. 2. 12. “C.J. Warren in Berlin,” New York Times, July 17, 1955, p. 3; “Warren Back from Europe,” New York Times, August 8, 1955, p. 8. 13. “San Juan Opens Courts Building,” New York Times, February 5, 1956, p. 79. 14. “Puerto Rico U. Gives Degree to Warren,” New York Times, February 6, 1956, p. 13. 15. Box 797, Address, dedication of U.S. Supreme Court law building, San Juan, Puerto Rico, February 4, 1956, EWPLC. See also Box 808, Address, first general session, Round Table Conference on Administration of Justice, Supreme Court Building, San Juan, Puerto Rico, February 5, 1962. 16. “San Juan Opens Courts Building,” New York Times, February 5, 1956, p. 79. 17. Warren, Memoirs, pp. 321–31; Box 801, Address, Law Society dinner, Guildhall, London, England, July 31, 1957, EWPLC. As a condition for his attending the ABA meeting, Warren succeeded in getting Vice President Richard Nixon “disinvited.” Cray. p. 340. 18. “Warren Honored in Visit to Dublin,” New York Times, August 2, 1957, p. 7; Cray, pp. 339–41. De Valera would be the guest of the U.S. Supreme Court in Washington in 1964. 19. Did international travel and exposure to other ways of approaching legal questions effect Warren’s writing of opinions on the Court? According to Viki C. Jackson, “[s]ensitivity to international democratic norms was a marked feature in the Warren Court’s jurisprudence.” Viki C. Jackson, “The Early Hours of the Post-World War II Model of Constitutional Federalism: The Warren Court and the World,” in Harry N. Scheiber, ed., Earl Warren and the Warren Court: The Legacy in American and Foreign Law (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2007), p. 186; see Schwartz, pp. 313–19. 20. Richard Amper, “Warren Pleads for Moral Unity,” New York Times, September 16, 1957, p. 22; Schwartz, pp. 287–88. 21...

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