Induced Flow Geometries During Steam Injection in Unconsolidated Sand in Heavy and Extra-Heavy OiI Fields in Mexico
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract This objective of this paper is to demonstrate that transient linear flow is the dominant behavior in unconsolidated sands performing under steam injection in Mexico. It has been observed in the past and there is evidence from fall-off tests that all wells injecting water in unconsolidated sands that store heavy oil exhibit a condition similar to being fractured. Apparently, this is the result of high mobility around the fracture. Something similar can occur during the processes of cyclic steam and continuous steam injection in unconsolidated sands. This is investigated in detail in this paper with different types of transient pressure tests. The paper presents the analysis of falloff, injection and interference tests carried out in steam injection wells in an unconsolidated sand that stores extra-heavy oil. Subsequent to a series of steam injection cycles, the well exhibited a transient pressure behavior that is characteristic of linear geometry. The boundary of the linear flow behavior is associated with the extra-heavy oil zone not affected by steam. Furthermore, subsequent to a period of continuous gas injection (as opposed to the previous cyclic gas injection), it was observed that linear flow was prevalent again. In addition, an interference test was carried out between the injection well and another well producing from the same unconsolidated sand. The interference pressure signal at short times showed a behavior that corresponds to linear flow. The test also permitted to estimate the compressibility of the unconsolidated sandstone. Based on the evidence collected during the different tests, the conclusion is reached that during the processes of steam cyclic and steam continuous injection, a channel of high oil mobility was generated by the viscosity contrast of water and extra-heavy oil. This channel is limited by oil zones not affected by steam. The novelty of the paper is demonstrating that transient linear flow is prevalent throughout the fall-off, injection and interferences tests in the Mexican unconsolidated sand. It is likely that the same observation might have application is other unconsolidated sands undergoing steam injection.
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».