Investigation of Carbonate Rock Thermal Conductivity as a Function of Temperature, Porosity and Fluid Saturation Using a Comparative Approach
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract Carbonate rocks are common formations in hydrocarbon reservoirs, and thermal recovery methods are often employed to enhance production. The success of a thermal project is highly dependent on comprehensive knowledge about the thermal behavior of any involved component. Consequently, the availability of reliable and accurate thermal property data, such as thermal conductivity, improves optimization and operation procedures in these types of operations. Measurement of thermal conductivity of carbonate rock has been a matter of extended research, yet different techniques result in different measurements and the understanding of the effect of elevated temperatures is limited. Prior researchers used transient approaches in the thermal conductivity measurements, which resulted in poor accuracy, despite having low measurement time. Moreover, the thermal conductivity of the saturated carbonate samples has not been investigated, as the existing research mainly focused on dry samples. In this study, first, thermal conductivity is measured of five different carbonate samples with a wide range of effective porosity (from 5 to more than 30 %) using a steady-state approach within a wide range of temperatures (from 40 to 150 ˚C). Then the same procedure was repeated for saturated samples to investigate the effect of saturation in different porosity and temperatures on the thermal conductivity trend and values. Results showed that in the dry samples, there is a downward trend for the thermal conductivity of all five samples as the temperature increased. For samples at similar temperatures, as the porosity of the sample increased, an increase was observed in the thermal conductivity values in dry cases, and for the porosity values above a certain value, it started to go down as we expected, and it was interpreted as the effect of mineralogy which is another crucial parameter beside the porosity in the ultimate thermal conductivity value of a porous medium. We measured effective porosity; however, the total porosity of the sample plays a much more important role in the heat transfer along the sample, and the relationship between these two porosities depends on the samples’ pore connectivity. Thermal conductivity measurement for the saturated cases carried out by a modification in the setup. Results showed a similar trend as the temperature was increased and the values were higher compared to corresponding dry sample which revealed the incapability of averaging methods as a generalized approach for saturated rock sample thermal conductivity prediction.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».