Review of: Jan Lust (2019) Capitalism, Class and Revolution in Peru, 1980-2016
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Capitalism, Class and Revolution in Peru is a book that has not been sufficiently discussed within the Peruvian and Latin American social sciences despite its theoretical and empirical contribution to the analysis of social classes, their link with the development of capitalism and the party politics of the (socialist) left.Unlike other research on social classes centred on the works of Bourdieu and Weber or prioritising occupations and levels of economic income, Lust proposes a Marxist approach, recovering the relational quality of this concept and focusing on the relations of production.The puzzle posed by the author begins with a crucial premise: the weakness of the socialist left is not the result of the strength of the right; the right's strength is the result of the defect of the left itself.By recovering the "agency of the left parties", the book shows that the socialist left in Peru could not interpret and understand in depth the neo-liberal capitalist development of the last thirty years and its impact on the transformation of the social class structure.Although the failure of the Peruvian left has been studied in terms of its strategicelectoral decisions, the consequences of the internal armed conflict and the impact of the neoliberal reforms, which weaken its traditional social bases, the author argues that the equation is incomplete if we do not consider how these parties acted in the face of the transformation of the class structure.In this sense, the absence of a creative political praxis to analyse, study and understand in-depth capitalist development has prevented the recovery of their social bases, which were diminished after the economic crisis at the end of the 1980s and the introduction of neoliberal reforms in the 1990s.Through interviews with former members of leftist parties and the analysis of their official documents and strategic plans, the author shows that (1) although the socialist parties saw the changes undergone by the class structure in the country, (2) their analysis of this process was partial and superficial, preventing (3) a political practice under the new specificities of capitalist development in the country.The theoretical corpus behind this argumentative logic recovers the Marxist concept of class consciousness.Lust argues that the material conditions of the class structure do not determine class consciousness.Thus, class consciousness does not emerge automatically if it is not constructed by the political and intellectual work of political parties and workers' organisations.Therefore, the author calls attention to the fact that the absence of social bases that support socialist left programmes is not only the fault of the political crisis, structural reforms and the growth of the informal sector, but of the renunciation of political praxis to build this class consciousness in a changing class structure.In that sense, it is in the interaction between material conditions and political praxis where class consciousness(es) emerge as collectivities.The book has a double contribution.On the one hand, it analyses how the political and
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».