Combining microfluidics and coaxial 3D-bioprinting for the manufacturing of diabetic wound healing dressings
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Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a crucial complication of diabetes, as in a diabetic wound, each step of the physiological healing process is affected. This entails a more easily infectable wound, and delayed tissue regeneration due to the inflammation that occurs, leading to a drastic decrease in the overall patient's quality of life. As a strategy to manage DFUs, skin alternatives and wound dressings are currently receiving a lot of attention as they keep the wound environment "under control", while providing bioactive compounds that help to manage infection and inflammation and promote tissue repair. This has been made possible thanks to the advent of emerging technologies such as 3D Bioprinting to produce skin resembling constructs or microfluidics (MFs) that allows the manufacture of nanoparticles (NPs) that act as drug carriers, in a prompt and less expensive way. In the present proof-of-concept study, the possibility of combining two novel and appealing techniques in the manufacturing of wound dressings has been demonstrated for first time. The novelty of this work consists in the combination of liposomes (LPs) encapsulating the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) into a hydrogel that is further printed into a three-dimensional scaffold for wound dressing; to the knowledge of the authors this has never been done before. A grid-shaped scaffold has been produced through the coaxial 3D bioprinting technique which has allowed to combine, in one single filament, two different bioinks. The inner core of the filament is a nanocomposite hydrogel consisting of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and PEGylated LPs encapsulated with thyme oil (TO) manufactured via MFs for the first time. The outer shell of the filament, instead, is represented by a hybrid hydrogel composed of sodium alginate/cellulose nanocrystals (SA/CNC) and enriched with free TO. This provides a combination of two different release ratios of the API, a bulk release for the first 24 h thanks to the free TO in the shell of the filament and a sustained release for up to 10 days provided from the API inside the LPs. Confocal Microscopy verified the actual presence of the LPs inside the scaffold after printing and evaluation using the zone of inhibition test proved the antibacterial activity of the manufactured scaffolds against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découle