Pavlo Skoropadsky: Life Through Own Ego-Sources (Letters, Diaries, Memoirs)
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The purpose of the work is to attempt a comprehensive analysis of sources of personal origin created by Hetman Pavlo Skoropadsky (1873–1945) during his life, first as an imperial officer, a participant in two wars in the beginning of the 20th century, then as Hetman of All Ukraine and Cossack troops (1918), and on emigration (1919–1945). Such ego-sources present a different, sometimes even an alternative picture of Hetman’s activities, ideas and aspirations as one of the prominent political figures of the Ukrainian Revolution of 1917–1921, later as the leader and standard of the Ukrainian monarchist movement in emigration. The methodology of the article is based on general scientifi c principles of historical research, comprehensive analysis and synthesis of the source base, cross-comparison of scientific criticism of ego-sources. The scientific novelty consists in carrying out a complex analysis of sources of personal origin created by P. Skoropadsky, a cross-comparison of the informational value, potential and significance of his correspondence, diaries, memoirs. Based on this, widespread negative views of Hetman are refuted. Conclusions. The epistolary, diary and memoir heritage left by P. Skoropadsky should be recognized as the largest one in comparison with similar sources of M. Hrushevsky and V. Vynnychenko. The research carried out allows us to draw conclusions about the extraordinary importance of Hetman’s ego-documents for elucidating his very figure. They reveal not only his life circumstances, but also his thoughts, aspirations, plans and motives for actions. The information reflected there can disprove widespread myths about his conservatism, reactionary, pro-Russian attitude. All three types of ego-sources are genetically interconnected. Their complex analysis allows us to talk about the different level of frankness of P. Skoropadsky – from the greatest in his letters to his wife Oleksandra, to the least in his diaries. As for memoirs addressed to a wide readership, there we find self-censorship, inaccurate presentation of circumstances or characteristics of the persons mentioned. Therefore, the only way to investigate ego-sources is to crosscomparison them. References: 1. Hyrych, I. (Comp.) (2017). Skoropadskyi Pavlo. Spohady. Kinets 1917 – hruden 1918 [Pavlo Skoropadsky. Memoirs. The end of 1917 – December 1918] (E. Honcharyk, Trans.). Kyiv: Nash format. [in Ukrainian].2. Skoropadskyi Pavlo. Spomyny [Pavlo Skoropadsky. Memories] (1992). Kyiv: Ukraina. [in Ukrainian].3. Osaulenko, L. & Zasiekin, V. (2003). Hetman Ukrainy Pavlo Skoropadskyi: 29 kvitnia 1918 r. – 14 hrudnia 1918 r. [Hetman of Ukraine Pavlo Skoropadsky: April 29, 1918 – December 14, 1918]. Vol. 1. Lutsk. [in Ukrainian].4. Papakin, H. (2001). Shchodennyky Pavla ta Oleksandry Skoropadskykh 1904–1917 rr.: istoriia vedennia, zberihannia, znyknennia; sproba rekonstruktsii [Diaries of Pavel and Oleksandra Skoropadsky 1904–1917: history of keeping, storage, disappearance; an attempt at reconstruction]. Arkhivoznavstvo. Arkheohrafiia. Dzhereloznavstvo: mizhvidomchyi zb. nauk. prats, 3, 433–446. Kyiv. [in Ukrainian].5. Papakin, H. (2002). Lysty z 1917 roku (Korespondentsiia Pavla Skoropadskoho chasiv Liutnevoi revoliutsii v Rosii) [Letters from 1917 (Correspondence of Pavel Skoropadsky during the February Revolution in Russia)]. Arkhivy Ukrainy, 1–3, 81–112. [in Ukrainian].6. Papakin, H. (2006). Nevidomyi shchodennyk Pavla Skoropadskoho periodu rosiisko-yaponskoi viiny 1904–1905 rokiv [The unknown diary of Pavel Skoropadsky during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905]. Arkhivy Ukrainy, 1–6, 412–418. [in Ukrainian].7. Pelenskyi, Ya. (Ed.) (1995). Skoropadskyi Pavlo. Spohady. Hruden 1917 – hruden 1918 [Pavlo Skoropadsky. Memoirs. December 1917 – December 1918]. Filadelfiia. [in Ukrainian].8. Pelenskyi, Ya. (Ed.), Hyrych, I. (Comp.) (2016). Skoropadskyi Pavlo. Spohady. Kinets 1917 – hruden 1918.[ Pavlo Skoropadsky. Memoirs. The end of 1917 – December 1918]. Kyiv: Nash format. [in Ukrainian].9. Skoropadskyi Pavel. Vospomynanyia. Konets 1917 h. – dekabr 1918 h. [Skoropadsky Pavel. Memories. Late 1917 – December 1918] (2020). Kharkiv: Folio. [in Russian].10. Skoropadskyi, P. (1936). Ukrainska kulturna pratsia za Hetmanshchyny 1918 r. [Ukrainian cultural work during the Hetmanate in 1918]. Nasha kultura, 4, 243–247. Varshava. [in Ukrainian].11. Tereshchenko, Yu. (Ed.) (2019). Skoropadskyi Pavlo. Spomyny. Kinets 1917 – hruden 1918 [Pavlo Skoropadsky. Memories. The end of 1917 – December]. (N. Svitlychna, Trans.). Kyiv, Tempora. [in Ukrainian].12. Uryvok zi «Spomyniv» hetmana Pavla Skoropadskoho: 1-y Ukrainskyi korpus [Excerpt from «Memoirs» of Hetman Pavel Skoropadsky: 1st Ukrainian Corps] (1922/1923). Khliborobska Ukraina, 4(7/8), 3–40. Viden. [in Ukrainian].13. Uryvok zi «Spomyniv» hetmana Pavla Skoropadskoho: vid pochatku 1918 r. do proholoshennia hetmanstva [Excerpt from the «Memoirs» of Hetman Pavel Skoropadsky: from the beginning of 1918 to the proclamation of the Hetmanship]. (1924/1925). Khliborobska Ukraina, 5, 31–92. Viden. [in Ukrainian].14. Vynnychenko, V. K. & Kostiuk, H. (Ed.) (1983). Shchodennyk. [Diary]. (1921–1925). (Vol. 2). Edmonton–Niu-York: Kanadskyi instytut ukrainskykh studii. [in Ukrainian].
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,004 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,003 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,003 | 0,006 |
| Communication savante | 0,007 | 0,004 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,003 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,003 | 0,001 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».