Biodegradability Improvement of Water-Soluble-Polymers in Wastewater in a Continuous UV/H2 O2 Photoreactor
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Water-soluble polymers have a diverse range of applications from industrial raw materials to household product ingredients such as detergent capsules.However, the ubiquitous presence of these chemicals in both industrial and municipal wastewater streams is of concern.Although present in high and low concentrations in industrial and municipal wastewaters, respectively, these polymers are not easily biodegradable mainly due to their complex and lengthy structures.Moreover, their high solubility in water renders them invisible and often overlooked [1].Consequently, their persistence and potential accumulation in the environment could lead to long-term environmental risks.Thus, a better understanding of the environmental fate of non-biodegradable water-soluble polymers is essential for the development of effective management strategies to minimize their impact on the environment.Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a well-known member of the water-soluble polymer family, and its unique physicochemical characteristics have led to its widespread use in various industrial applications, especially in textiles [2].As a representative of this group of chemicals, PVA has been selected for investigation in this study.Although PVA is generally considered non-toxic to humans and is even used in some medical packaging, it can pose significant risks to the environment, particularly in aquatic ecosystems [3].Its high foaming ability can lead to oxygen depletion in open water resources while its capacity to transport chemicals, including heavy metals, from soil to underground water may cause the accumulation of harmful contaminants in underground water resources.Therefore, it is essential to remove PVA from wastewater streams before discharge to mitigate its environmental impact [4].Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) could effectively degrade a wide range of chemicals including those that are recalcitrant [5].The UV/H 2O2 process is a well-known AOP that has shown great promise for implementation in real wastewater treatment plants, primarily due to its simpler operation compared to other AOPs.The UV/H2O2 process employs UV radiation and hydrogen peroxide to produce extremely reactive hydroxyl radicals capable of decomposing organic compounds [6].The primary objective of this investigation is to assess the effectiveness of a UV/H2O2 photoreactor at a laboratory scale in enhancing the biodegradability of wastewater containing PVA.The ratio of biochemical oxygen demand to chemical oxygen demand (BOD5/COD) is used as a measure of wastewater biodegradability, with the goal of increasing it from 0.1 to over 0.5, resulting in an easily biodegradable effluent [7], [8].Additionally, the impact of key operational parameters, such as inlet PVA concentration, inlet H2O2 concentration, and hydraulic retention time on the BOD5/COD ratio, is investigated.A mathematical model is then developed based on the experimental data to predict and improve the biodegradability of the wastewater as a function of the operational variables.Response surface methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken design (BBD) were employed to design experiments, develop a prediction model, and optimize process outcomes.The experimental results at the recommended optimal operating conditions validate the findings of the optimization study.Finally, the impact of partial treatment on reducing operating costs of AOP-based wastewater treatment was analyzed.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».