Advancing insulation retrofits from flexible inexpensive lucid materials (AIR FILMs) for single-pane windows
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
This project focused on Advancing Insulation Retrofits from Flexible Inexpensive Lucid Materials (AIR FILMs) for Single-Pane Windows. The team developed innovative porous materials that can improve the energy efficiency of existing single-pane windows in commercial and residential buildings in two technical product categories: (1) retrofits that can be applied onto existing windowpanes and (2) manufactured windowpanes that can be installed into the existing window sash. For the first time, visibly transparent, thermally super-insulating, mechanically stable, flexible & inexpensive aerogel films have been developed within the project. Unlike conventional aerogels, the transparent cellulose-enabled aerogel films are low-cost nanostructured metamaterials comprising cellulose nanofibers which are about 4 nm in diameter & 2-3 microns in length produced in a cost-effective & scalable way, which can be also derived from commercial nanocellulose through chemical processing. Like the ones used for thermal insulation in the Mars Rover, our aerogels are excellent thermal barriers, but also highly transparent. They transmit over 99% of visible light, have color rendering index over 99% and haze under 1%. They can be manufactured at low costs, under 1 dollar per square foot. The porous material fabrication starts from aqueous dispersions of the cellulose nanofibers that are converted to an ordered hydrogel to produce a flexible aerogel film in the m2-size scale, with low thermal conductivity. These aerogels enabled retrofit products to be laminated atop of existing windowpanes to retrofit single-pane windows. Also, the new installed products with aerogel films sandwiched between two glass panes have been developed to further improve efficiency while reducing the spacing between panes as compared to conventional double-pane windows. These installed products are envisaged both as the replacement for single-pane windows and as a new breed of low-thickness insulating glass units to be used in new building construction. Both applied and installed products, enabled by our transparent aerogel materials, meet aggressive goals of appearance, thermal insulation, transparency, low cost, stability, condensation resistance, soundproofing & other technical targets for retrofits and manufactured panes, respectively. During the initial part of the project, the research team first demonstrated a small-scale applied product meeting all required parameters. The researchers then extended these findings to the demonstration of robust transparent aerogels on the square-meter scales. The team performed extensive durability tests (some of which took advantage of NREL’s state-of-art user facilities), demonstrating that the products pass all standard tests used by the glass industry. Meeting all the technical targets, the researchers compared performance of single-pane windows before and after retrofitting and optimized optical, thermal and other characteristics and fabrication approaches, as well as developed technological solutions of sealing edges and laminating AIR FILMs, as needed for their deployment in both applied and installed products. The aerogel technology has been licensed to a major US glass industry manufacturer with the largest market share. By winning the NASA iTech competition, the researchers attracted a great deal of attention and started many partnerships with glass industry, which are helpful in bringing the AIR FILM aerogel technology to the market and to every window of commercial and residential buildings. The broad commercial adoption of the developed transparent aerogel materials in window products would improve thermal insulation, reduce condensation and enhance the occupant comfort, as well as produce secondary benefits, such as improved soundproofing, making these products more desirable to building occupants and owners. Most importantly, the developed applied and installed products have the potential to cut in half the amount of heat lost through single-pane windows, which was the main goal of the ARPA-E program sponsoring this project. The retrofit films and new breeds of insulating glass units will boost efficiency of windows in both the pre-existing buildings and in the new constriction.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».