Challenges Faced by International Medical Students in the United States
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
To the Editor: The United States has always been a desirable destination for international students seeking higher education, including medical degrees. However, for non-U.S. citizens or permanent residents, the path to becoming a physician in the United States is challenging. With only 43 out of 157 U.S. allopathic medical schools considering non-Canadian international candidates,1 the competition for admission is fierce. The Association of American Medical Colleges reported that in the 2021–2022 application cycle to U.S. allopathic medical schools, only 1959 (3.7%) of the 55,188 total applicants were non-U.S. citizens or permanent residents. Of these 1959 applicants, only 314 were accepted, resulting in an acceptance rate of just 16.0% compared to 41.2% for all applicants.2 Even once accepted, international medical students continue to face challenges upon matriculation. One of the biggest challenges for international medical students is limited access to financial aid and scholarships. In the United States, the average cost of tuition and fees for students at private medical schools and out-of-state students at public medical schools was over $60,000 in the 2022–2023 academic year.3 This cost can be even more daunting for international students with limited financial aid and scholarship options. Although some medical schools offer financial assistance to international students, these opportunities are limited. The majority of international students need to secure private loans, which can be difficult if they lack a cosigner with U.S. citizenship. While in medical school, international students often face a lack of mentorship and support for their unique needs.4 Many struggle to find mentors and role models, making it challenging for them to adapt to a new culture, language, and education system. This process can be further challenged after completing medical school, as international medical graduates must apply for a J-1 or H-1B visa. This limits the number of residency programs they can apply to as only a limited number can sponsor their visa application.5 Obtaining a visa for residency can be a complicated, time-consuming process with no guarantee of approval. Despite these challenges, international medical students remain motivated and determined to succeed. They bring diverse perspectives and cultural experiences to the U.S. health care system, allowing them to connect with patients from diverse backgrounds and provide effective and compassionate care. With the right support, international medical students can develop successful careers as physicians in the United States. It is essential to recognize their valuable contributions amid the challenges they face. By doing so, we can foster a more welcoming and inclusive health care system and improve the health and well-being of patients. Chiamaka L. Okorie Fourth-year medical student, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire; email: [email protected]; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2233-4557
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,005 | 0,027 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,004 | 0,002 |
| Communication savante | 0,005 | 0,004 |
| Science ouverte | 0,002 | 0,004 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,016 | 0,015 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,017 | 0,004 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».