Synonymy: Who are the Western Ojibwa? A Note on Names
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The people whom I am calling western Ojibwa in this book are also known in Canada as Saulteaux and plains Ojibwa, and occasionally as Bungi.Different parts of Canadian society know them by different names, and the names by which they refer to themselves differ from community to community.Today, in the eastern part of their territory, including the Peguis reserve and Winnipeg, many of them strongly prefer Ojibwa or Anishinabeg, while communities farther to the west prefer plains Ojibway or Saulteaux.Given the number of names for these people, it seems appropriate to discuss the origin of these different terms and the reasons for my choice in this book.I sincerely hope that persons who think of themselves as Saulteaux will not be offended by my choice of a different term to refer to their ancestors, and that they will understand the reasons for my choice.Looking first at the origins of these terms, it is clear that the several names by which these people became known to Europeans during the early historic period are tied to the different relationships between themselves and rival European trading companies.The French who encountered the ancestors of the western Ojibwa in the Sault Ste.Marie region wrote of them as Saulteurs (later, the term became Saulteaux) and Outchibouec (which later became Ojibwa or Chippewa).1When these and neighbouring peoples became involved in the French fur trade, contact and intermarriage between them intensified as European goods were traded from band to band on a regular basis in exchange for furs collected by Native middlemen.As well, large communities composed of several Native peoples sprang up at missions and trading posts such as Sault Ste.Marie and Michilimackinac.Developments such as these may have eroded ethnic differences between small local groups, contributing to the spread of the terms Saulteur and Ojibwa to designate many formerly separate peoples who had been connected to the Outchibouec and Saulteurs by kinship, trade relationships, and probably similarity of language and other cultural practices. 2French and Montreal-based traders referred to all these
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».