Beyond Phosphorus: Salinization as a driver of eutrophication symptoms in North American lakes
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The acceleration of global urbanization continues to fuel concerns surrounding water quality impairments in urban lakes, particularly eutrophication. Eutrophication of freshwater environments is generally assumed to be driven by increased anthropogenic phosphorus (P) supplies which can alleviate limitations on primary production. Salinization is also recognized as a stressor on urban freshwater quality, particularly in cold temperate climate regions where salts are applied to road surfaces as de-icing agents. While the ecological damages caused by P enrichment and salinization to freshwaters are both well established, thus far, their impacts on water quality have only been considered independently. Although improvements to the management of urban stormwater and wastewater have decreased P inputs to freshwater systems in recent decades, many lakes worldwide remain eutrophic, as indicated by declining dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations and rising dissolved inorganic P (DIP) concentrations in the hypolimnion. Our previous study of an urban freshwater lake in Ontario, Canada, showed that persistent eutrophication symptoms are linked to salinization associated with impervious land cover expansion, rather than increased external P loading. In this research, we present a multiple decade of water chemistry data analyses for several other urban lakes in Ontario, Wisconsin, and Minnesota to determine how increased lake salinization rates intersect with water temperature and morphometry to alter water column stratification, thus, increasing eutrophication symptoms. Our trend analysis shows progressive salinization (observed through significant increases in chloride or electrical conductivity) of all the lakes investigated. Calculations of lakes mixing indices over time show that, on average, lake stratification is becoming more stable with increased salinity playing a crucial role in enhancing lake stratification. Overall, salinity is becoming a stronger regulator of water density than temperature in the cold temperate urban freshwater lakes of North America. The increasing salinity trends are accompanied by increasing hypolimnion hypoxia and increasing DIP to total P (TP) ratios in all lakes, thereby demonstrating the mechanistic link between salinization and internal P loading. Rising salinity intensifies water column stratification, in turn, reducing the oxygenation of the hypolimnion and enhancing internal P loading from the sediments. These results highlight that stricter management of de-icing salt application rates should be considered to control lake eutrophication symptoms in cold climate regions.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,001 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».