Car Safety Seats and Restraints for Children in Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Background: Injuries caused by road traffic are a significant public health concern. In the 0-12-year age group, among the leading causes of death, unintentional injuries are considered the second and main cause of morbidity due to the safety of children in cars. According to statistics, approximately 4.7% of deaths in Saudi Arabia are caused by road traffic, while fatalities from road traffic do not exceed 1.7% in Australia, the United Kingdom, or the United States. Road traffic injuries killed more people in Saudi Arabia than in any other country with a high income. Aim: In this study, parents' knowledge, attitudes, and practices were evaluated regarding child safety regarding child car seats in Al Ahsa community. Methods: A cross?sectional descriptive study was done from November 10 to December 31, 2022. The data were collected using a 19-question survey. A convenience sampling of 379 samples was conducted. Results: In one-quarter of the participants, (24.8%) had the wrong answer when we asked them whether it is safer to hold a newborn baby in their arms than placing them in baby car safety seats, while (5.8%) did not know what is safe. Regarding the knowledge about the right way to put the car safety seat for children aged 2-4 years, near to one quarter (23%) answered wrong answer, while (11.1%) did not know how to fix it in the car. In relation to fixing the car safety seat for children aged below 2 years, only half the participants (54.6%) knew the right way. The mean score of knowledge was 3.37/5 with Std dev. ±1.52.in relation to practices and attitudes, (11.9%) said that the child is afraid to sit in the back seats, while (68.3%) said they do. (92.9%) of respondents believe that child safety seats are important. (14%) reported not using the seatbelt for children while (18.7%) reported using it sometimes. (67.3%) of those surveyed reported using seatbelts for all their children under the age of eight. There were (66.6%) of participants with acceptable knowledge and attitude scores, while (31.4%) had low scores. Parents' education level and their knowledge level were found to be significantly correlated. Parents' knowledge about care safety increased with the number of children, but there was no significant correlation between knowledge level and gender or number of children. Conclusion: According to the study, car safety seat noncompliance includes multiple variables that can be modified. The study could raise awareness by focusing on a major public health issue and providing outreach on child safety in cars. Residents of Al Ahsa generally had a positive attitude and good knowledge of car safety seats.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».