Prospective Relations between Red Blood Cell n‐6 and n‐3 Fatty Acid Composition and Cognitive Function among Older Puerto Rican Adults
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Objectives To examine the association between red blood cell (RBC) n‐6 and n‐3 fatty acid (FA) composition, their ratio, and 2‐y cognitive function and incidence of cognitive impairment among older U.S. mainland Puerto Ricans. Methods Data are from the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study. RBC membrane FA status was ascertained at baseline. Total n‐6 FA composition was defined as the sum total of FAs 18:3n‐6, 18:2n‐6, 20:3n‐6, 20:4n‐6, 22:5n‐6, 22:4n‐6, and 20:2n‐6 expressed as a percent of total FA content. Total n‐3 FAs included 18:3n‐3, 20:5n‐3, 22:5n‐3, and 22:6n‐3. General cognitive function was measured at baseline and at 2‐y (median, IQR: 2.0 y, 1.9–2.2) using the Mini‐Mental State Exam (MMSE). The MMSE is on a scale of 0–30 with a higher score indicating better function. We defined cognitive impairment as MMSE scores ≤21, ≤23, and ≤24 for those with less than a high school education, a high school degree, and some college education or higher, respectively. Relations between RBC FAs and 2‐y MMSE scores were examined in 946 participants and incidence of cognitive impairment among those considered to have normal baseline cognitive function (n=639). Results Participants were predominantly female (74%) and 57±8 y of age. In multivariate models, total n‐6 FAs were associated with lower MMSE scores at 2‐y (Table, Model 2, P‐trend= 0.003), which remained significant after accounting for baseline MMSE score (Model 3, P‐trend=0.02). Total n‐3 FAs were positively (Model 2, P‐trend=0.04) and the n‐6:n‐3 ratio inversely (Model 2, P‐trend=0.007) related to 2‐y cognitive function, but these relationships attenuated with adjustment for baseline score (Model 3). The incidence of cognitive impairment at follow‐up was 22%. In multivariate models, a 1% increase in total n‐6 FAs was related to a 9% greater incidence of cognitive impairment [RR=1.09 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.18), P=0.03]. The n‐6:n‐3 ratio was positively associated with incident cognitive impairment [RR=1.13 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.27), P=0.05], whereas total n‐3 FAs were inversely related [RR=0.92 (0.81 to 1.04), P=0.16]. We did not find evidence of interaction between total n‐6 and n‐3 FAs and associations with 2‐y MMSE score or incident cognitive impairment. Conclusions An objective biomarker of n‐6 FA consumption and metabolism was consistently associated with poorer cognitive function and incidence of cognitive impairment over 2‐y follow‐up. Our data suggest that greater intakes of food sources of n‐6 FA may play a role in cognitive decline among older U.S. mainland Puerto Ricans. Support or Funding Information This research was supported by NIH grants P01‐AG023394, P50‐HL105185, and R01‐AG027087 Baseline composition of red blood cell total n‐6, n‐3, and n‐6:n‐3 fatty acid ratio and relations with 2‐y Mini‐Mental State Exam scores (n=946) Red Blood Cell Fatty Acid Composition (Quartiles) Fatty acid Model 1 2 3 4 P‐trend n=236 n=237 n=237 n=236 Total n‐6 33.2 ± 1.5% 35.4 ± 0.4% 36.6 ± 0.3% 38.2 ± 0.9% 1 23.8 (23.3, 24.2) 23.4 (23.0, 23.8) 23.4 (23.0, 23.7) 22.9 (22.5, 23.4) 0.007 2 23.7 (23.3, 24.2) 23.4 (22.9, 23.8) 23.4 (22.9, 23.8) 22.8 (22.3, 23.3) 0.003 3 23.5 (23.1, 23.8) 23.4 (23.2, 23.7) 23.3 (22.9, 23.7) 23.0 (22.6, 23.3) 0.02 Total n‐3 5.2 ± 0.5% 6.1 ± 0.2% 6.9 ± 0.2% 8.3 ± 0.9% 1 23.1 (22.7, 23.5) 23.2 (22.8, 23.6) 23.3 (22.9, 23.7) 23.8 (23.4, 24.2) 0.02 2 23.1 (22.7, 23.6) 23.2 (22.8, 23.7) 23.3 (22.8, 23.7) 23.7 (23.3, 24.2) 0.04 3 23.2 (22.8, 23.6)
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».