Small Intestinal Co‐Perfusion of Alanyl‐Glutamine and Free Glutamine with fMLP Bacterial Peptide Resulted in a Diminished Inflammatory Response in Parenterally and Sow‐Fed Neonatal Piglets
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Small peptide absorption in the intestine is mediated by the transporter PepT1, which is also capable of transporting bacterial peptides such as formyl‐methionyl‐leucyl‐phenylalanine (fMLP). Previously, we demonstrated that fMLP induced mucosal inflammation during an intestinal perfusion experiment. Co‐perfusion of fMLP with the dipeptide cysteinyl‐glycine ameliorated the response as indicated by reduced myeloperoxidase activity and lower TNF‐α concentration in mucosal tissue. The objective of this study was to assess the interactions of alanyl‐glutamine or free alanine and glutamine with fMLP in a similar intestinal perfusion experiment; however, this time we employed a single‐pass perfusion model as opposed to re‐circulating the perfusion buffers to ensure constant exposure to fMLP. Piglets (10 d old) were assigned to either a total parenteral nutrition diet (TPN, n=6) for 4 full days to induce intestinal atrophy, or left to suckle on the sow (SF, n=6). Piglets subsequently underwent an intestinal perfusion procedure under anesthesia. Five 10 cm segments of intestine were isolated and left in situ, beginning at 50 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve; the isolated segments were each separated by 30 cm. The segments were perfused with one of the following: 1) 10 μM fMLP, 2) 5 mM alanyl‐glutamine, 3) 5 mM of each alanine + glutamine, 4) 5 mM alanyl‐glutamine + 10 μM fMLP, or 5) 5 mM of each alanine + glutamine + 10 μM fMLP. All perfusion solutions also contained 3 H‐fMLP to measure uptake and were perfused continuously for 3 h at a rate of 1 mL/min. Myeloperoxidase activity in intestinal mucosa was higher in the TPN pigs compared to SF pigs (P<0.05), but was not affected by any of the treatments. Furthermore, there were no differences in mucosal TNF‐α concentrations in response to fMLP perfusion or diet. Intestinal morphology also did not differ between methods of feeding or perfusion treatments. Measuring 3 H‐fMLP disappearance from the perfusion buffers indicated that approximately 25% of fMLP was taken up by the intestine, regardless of treatments. Interestingly, we hypothesized that the single‐pass model should facilitate a greater inflammatory response to fMLP compared to the recirculating model from our previous work. Studies with glutamine supplementation in a number of models have demonstrated an immunomodulatory role in the small intestine, in part by enhancing mucosal integrity via tight junctions, or by mediating the cytokine cascade. Evidence of fMLP uptake without changes in TNF‐α concentration or myeloperoxidase activity suggests that glutamine, delivered either enterally to the mucosa or absorbed and supplied via the systemic circulation, may provide protection against bacterial peptide‐induced inflammation in the neonatal gut. Support or Funding Information Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Research & Development Corporation of Newfoundland and Labrador
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».