Behavioral Evidence of Transient versus Persistent Tinnitus Induced by Loud Noise Exposure in a Novel Rat Model
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
It is well known that excessive exposure to loud noise can result in permanent hearing loss. A common corollary to this noise‐induced hearing loss is tinnitus, the subjective perception of a phantom sound which is often described as a “ringing in the ears.” It is estimated that as many as 10–15% of adults suffer from persistent tinnitus, and for ~1% of the general population it becomes debilitating. Despite the prevalence of tinnitus, a lack of understanding of the underlying brain changes has hindered efforts to devise effective treatment. In order to ultimately investigate the neural basis of tinnitus, our lab first endeavored to design a behavioral model that would allow us to accurately screen laboratory animals for noise‐induced tinnitus. To that end, we have developed a two‐alternative forced choice appetitive behavioral paradigm for rats that closely replicates the conditions under which humans experience tinnitus (i.e., people perceive a steady noise in quiet conditions). In order to eventually screen for tinnitus in the hours, days and/or weeks following loud noise exposure, the rats were first trained to nose‐poke a left feeder trough during various steady narrow‐band noises, and a right feeder trough during quiet trials (speaker off). Correct feeder choices were reinforced with a food pellet. In subsequent testing sessions (i.e., following tone/sham exposure), performance during quiet trials were neither reinforced nor punished so as to avoid biasing the test day results. Once trained to correctly identify the various acoustic conditions, rats were then screened for the presence/absence of tinnitus: (1) immediately after intense 15‐minute tone exposure (12 kHz tone at 110 dB SPL) or sham; or (2) up to two weeks after a one‐hour intense tone exposure (12 kHz tone at 120 dB SPL) or sham. Following sham exposures, rats correctly chose the right feeder during quiet trials, even when they had experienced a substantial layoff from training. Conversely, after the 15‐minute tone exposure, all rats (n=10) mistakenly went to the left (steady noise) feeder during the quiet trials indicating the rats perceived a steady phantom sound (i.e., tinnitus). Tinnitus induced by the 15‐minute tone exposure was transient, however, as all rats returned to normal baseline performance 24 hours post‐exposure. As predicted based on human studies, only a subset of rats (~75%) screened positive for tinnitus one week following the hour‐long tone exposure. Collectively, these data suggest that our appetitive operant conditioning model is able to reliably screen rats for both transient and persistent noise‐induced tinnitus, as the learned behavior does not extinguish when a testing session occurs several days after tinnitus induction. Future experiments will record cortical activity in behaving rats in an effort to investigate the neural correlates of transient and persistent noise‐induced tinnitus. Support or Funding Information CIHR Open Operating Grant
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,003 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,003 | 0,001 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».