Women's Empowerment and Food Security Status: A Global Comparative Study of Women Living in Rural and Urban Areas
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
In recent decades, many efforts have been made to empower women, nonetheless, many gaps in gender equality still exist. These gender disparities have negative consequences not only for women but also for their families and society as a whole. Empowering women plays a vital role achieving and maintaining a food secure state. The objective of this study was to examine the association between indicators that are considered to contribute to women's empowerment and food security (FS). A sample of 15,334 rural women and 10,098 urban women was obtained from the 2015 Gallup World Poll, which is a nationally representative survey of individuals 15 years and older in 150 countries. The Food Insecurity Experience Scale within this dataset was used to categorize by FS status (i.e. Secure and Insecure) as the dependent variable, while women's empowerment indicators were used as independent variables. Crosstabs analyses and binary logistic regressions, for both rural and urban areas, were carried out using SPSS 23 Complex Sample. Several socio‐demographic characteristics, including education, marital status, employment status and income, were found to show significant differences between women living in rural and urban areas by FS status. Also, rural women were at a higher risk of being food insecure. Findings from the logistic regression show that rural women with higher levels of social support ( OR 0.697 ), education ( OR 0.175 ), control over life ( OR 0.513 ), and personal health index ( OR 0.402 ), had significantly higher odds of being food secure. Similar results were found among women living in urban areas in terms of education ( OR 0.241 ), personal health index ( OR 0.209 ) and control over life ( OR 0.445 ). Finally, urban women who perceived being treated with respect ( OR 0.438 ) also had higher odds of being food secure. The results confirm that the determinants of food security are highly complex, they do not act autonomously, and their effects are intertwined. Nonetheless, it is clear that factors contributing to women's empowerment play a key role in FS. Women's access to education is invaluable and should be prioritized worldwide as a means of improving FS. Shifting social norms to allow women to take control of life decisions is essential in achieving FS. Insuring one is able to maintain a good health status is pertinent to FS. As other studies have shown, strengthening social support is also a valuable tool to combat food insecurity, especially among rural women. Finally, living in urban areas provides increased and diverse opportunities for women compared to living rural areas. Addressing this opportunity gap in the future will be helpful in ensuring women's empowerment and FS for all.
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Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,003 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
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