From NAFLD to MASLD: updated naming and diagnosis criteria for fatty liver disease

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is a prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide, affecting more than 30% of the global population (1Rinella M.E. Neuschwander-Tetri B.A. Siddiqui M.S. Abdelmalek M.F. Caldwell S. Barb D. Kleiner D.E. Loomba R. AASLD Practice Guidance on the clinical assessment and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.Hepatology. 2023; 77: 1797-1835Crossref PubMed Scopus (173) Google Scholar, 2Yip T.C. Vilar-Gomez E. Petta S. Yilmaz Y. Wong G.L. Adams L.A. de L.,V. Sookoian S. Wong V.W. Geographical similarity and differences in the burden and genetic predisposition of NAFLD.Hepatology. 2023; 77: 1404-1427Crossref PubMed Scopus (26) Google Scholar). Importantly, MASLD is a multifaceted disorder resulting from complex interactions with various cardiometabolic and environmental risk factors (3Loomba R. Friedman S.L. Shulman G.I. Mechanisms and disease consequences of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.Cell. 2021; 184: 2537-2564Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (589) Google Scholar, 4Powell E.E. Wong V.W. Rinella M. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Lancet. 2021; 397: 2212-2224Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (798) Google Scholar, 5Sookoian S. Pirola C.J. How Safe Is Moderate Alcohol Consumption in Overweight and Obese Individuals?.Gastroenterology. 2016; 150: 1698-1703Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (31) Google Scholar). Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), now replaced with the term metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), was initially coined in 1980 to denote a condition exhibiting the histological traits of alcohol associated liver disease in individuals who neither consume alcohol nor have any other liver disease of clinical importance (6Eslam M. Sanyal A.J. George J. MAFLD: A Consensus-Driven Proposed Nomenclature for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease.Gastroenterology. 2020; 158: 1999-2014Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Google Scholar, 7Ludwig J. Viggiano T.R. McGill D.B. Oh B.J. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Mayo Clinic experiences with a hitherto unnamed disease.Mayo Clin. Proc. 1980; 55: 434-438PubMed Google Scholar). Since then, there has been a surge in interest around MASLD, primarily due to its rapidly escalating global prevalence and the consequent research into its pathophysiological, clinical, and socioeconomic implications. Today, with advances in our understanding of disease pathophysiology, it is clear that while there is a clear underpinning of insulin resistance and adipose tissue dysfunction, significant heterogeneity exists, characterized by varying rates of progression and varied response to treatment (8Arrese M. Arab J.P. Barrera F. Kaufmann B. Valenti L. Feldstein A.E. Insights into Nonalcoholic Fatty-Liver Disease Heterogeneity.Semin Liver Dis. 2021; 41: 421-434Crossref PubMed Scopus (48) Google Scholar, 9Pirola C.J. Sookoian S. Advances in our understanding of the molecular heterogeneity of fatty liver disease: toward informed treatment decision making.Expert. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2023; 17: 317-324Crossref Scopus (2) Google Scholar). These outcomes can be influenced by physiological, environmental factors alongside genetic predisposition (10Sookoian S. Pirola C.J. Valenti L. Davidson N.O. Genetic Pathways in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Insights From Systems Biology.Hepatology. 2020; 72: 330-346Crossref PubMed Scopus (63) Google Scholar). Advances in disease pathogenesis provide insight into potentially viable treatment targets, currently under clinical development (11Friedman S.L. Neuschwander-Tetri B.A. Rinella M. Sanyal A.J. Mechanisms of NAFLD development and therapeutic strategies.Nat. Med. 2018; 24: 908-922Crossref PubMed Scopus (2050) Google Scholar, 12Pirola C.J. Sookoian S. The lipidome in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: actionable targets.J. Lipid Res. 2021; 62100073Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Google Scholar) and reliable disease biomarkers (13Wong V.W. Adams L.A. de L., V, Wong, G.L. Sookoian S. Noninvasive biomarkers in NAFLD and N.Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2018; 15: 461-478Crossref PubMed Scopus (0) Google Scholar). Nonetheless, despite these advances in our understanding of dominant driving factors, the name of the disease remained unchanged from when it was first introduced 40 years ago. It was crucial for the global liver community to adopt a revised nomenclature that acknowledged the root cause of disease and provide diagnostic criteria, while using non-stigmatizing language. The Nomenclature Development Initiative's global members' main objective was to establish revised nomenclature that could be implemented worldwide, raise disease awareness, and direct research and funding to save more lives (14Rinella M.E. Lazarus J.V. Ratziu V. Francque S.M. Sanyal A.J. Kanwal F. Romero D. Abdelmalek M.F. Anstee Q.M. Arab J.P. Arrese M. Bataller R. Beuers U. Boursier J. Bugianesi E. Byrne C.D. Narro G.E.C. Chowdhury A. Cortez-Pinto H. Cryer D.R. Cusi K. El-Kassas M. Klein S. Eskridge W. Fan J. Gawrieh S. Guy C.D. Harrison S.A. Kim S.U. Koot B.G. Korenjak M. Kowdley K.V. Lacaille F. Loomba R. Mitchell-Thain R. Morgan T.R. Powell E.E. Roden M. Romero-Gomez M. Silva M. Singh S.P. Sookoian S.C. Spearman C.W. Tiniakos D. Valenti L. Vos M.B. Wong V.W. Xanthakos S. Yilmaz Y. Younossi Z. Hobbs A. Villota-Rivas M. Newsome P.N. A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature.Ann. Hepatol. 2023; 29101133Google Scholar, 15Rinella M.E. Lazarus J.V. Ratziu V. Francque S.M. Sanyal A.J. Kanwal F. Romero D. Abdelmalek M.F. Anstee Q.M. Arab J.P. Arrese M. Bataller R. Beuers U. Boursier J. Bugianesi E. Byrne C.D. Castro Narro G.E. Chowdhury A. Cortez-Pinto H. Cryer D.R. Cusi K. El-Kassas M. Klein S. Eskridge W. Fan J. Gawrieh S. Guy C.D. Harrison S.A. Kim S.U. Koot B.G. Korenjak M. Kowdley K.V. Lacaille F. Loomba R. Mitchell-Thain R. Morgan T.R. Powell E.E. Roden M. Romero-Gomez M. Silva M. Singh S.P. Sookoian S.C. Spearman C.W. Tiniakos D. Valenti L. Vos M.B. Wong V.W. Xanthakos S. Yilmaz Y. Younossi Z. Hobbs A. Villota-Rivas M. Newsome P.N. A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature.J. Hepatol. 2023; Google Scholar, 16Rinella M.E. Lazarus J.V. Ratziu V. Francque S.M. Sanyal A.J. Kanwal F. Romero D. Abdelmalek M.F. Anstee Q.M. Arab J.P. Arrese M. Bataller R. Beuers U. Boursier J. Bugianesi E. Byrne C.D. Castro Narro G.E. Chowdhury A. Cortez-Pinto H. Cryer D.R. Cusi K. El-Kassas M. Klein S. Eskridge W. Fan J. Gawrieh S. Guy C.D. Harrison S.A. Kim S.U. Koot B.G. Korenjak M. Kowdley K.V. Lacaille F. Loomba R. Mitchell-Thain R. Morgan T.R. Powell E.E. Roden M. Romero-Gomez M. Silva M. Singh S.P. Sookoian S.C. Spearman C.W. Tiniakos D. Valenti L. Vos M.B. Wong V.W. Xanthakos S. Yilmaz Y. Younossi Z. Hobbs A. Villota-Rivas M. Newsome P.N. A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature.Hepatology. 2023; 78: 1966-1986Crossref PubMed Scopus (0) Google Scholar). While the term "nonalcoholic" is commonly used, it has been acknowledged that it does not accurately reflect the current understanding of disease drivers. Enough knowledge exists about the pathophysiology of NAFLD to move from a diagnosis of exclusion to one defined by specific criteria. Further, the terminology was considered stigmatizing to some and potentially disparaging to those who suffer with alcohol associated/related liver disease. Additionally, the terminology "fatty" to describe a medical condition can be stigmatizing for some patients. As part of the Delphi process undertaken to reconsider NAFLD nomenclature, 61% and 66% of respondents found the terms ‘non-alcoholic’ and ‘fatty’ potentially stigmatizing (14Rinella M.E. Lazarus J.V. Ratziu V. Francque S.M. Sanyal A.J. Kanwal F. Romero D. Abdelmalek M.F. Anstee Q.M. Arab J.P. Arrese M. Bataller R. Beuers U. Boursier J. Bugianesi E. Byrne C.D. Narro G.E.C. Chowdhury A. Cortez-Pinto H. Cryer D.R. Cusi K. El-Kassas M. Klein S. Eskridge W. Fan J. Gawrieh S. Guy C.D. Harrison S.A. Kim S.U. Koot B.G. Korenjak M. Kowdley K.V. Lacaille F. Loomba R. Mitchell-Thain R. Morgan T.R. Powell E.E. Roden M. Romero-Gomez M. Silva M. Singh S.P. Sookoian S.C. Spearman C.W. Tiniakos D. Valenti L. Vos M.B. Wong V.W. Xanthakos S. Yilmaz Y. Younossi Z. Hobbs A. Villota-Rivas M. Newsome P.N. A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature.Ann. Hepatol. 2023; 29101133Google Scholar, 15Rinella M.E. Lazarus J.V. Ratziu V. Francque S.M. Sanyal A.J. Kanwal F. Romero D. Abdelmalek M.F. Anstee Q.M. Arab J.P. Arrese M. Bataller R. Beuers U. Boursier J. Bugianesi E. Byrne C.D. Castro Narro G.E. Chowdhury A. Cortez-Pinto H. Cryer D.R. Cusi K. El-Kassas M. Klein S. Eskridge W. Fan J. Gawrieh S. Guy C.D. Harrison S.A. Kim S.U. Koot B.G. Korenjak M. Kowdley K.V. Lacaille F. Loomba R. Mitchell-Thain R. Morgan T.R. Powell E.E. Roden M. Romero-Gomez M. Silva M. Singh S.P. Sookoian S.C. Spearman C.W. Tiniakos D. Valenti L. Vos M.B. Wong V.W. Xanthakos S. Yilmaz Y. Younossi Z. Hobbs A. Villota-Rivas M. Newsome P.N. A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature.J. Hepatol. 2023; Google Scholar, 16Rinella M.E. Lazarus J.V. Ratziu V. Francque S.M. Sanyal A.J. Kanwal F. Romero D. Abdelmalek M.F. Anstee Q.M. Arab J.P. Arrese M. Bataller R. Beuers U. Boursier J. Bugianesi E. Byrne C.D. Castro Narro G.E. Chowdhury A. Cortez-Pinto H. Cryer D.R. Cusi K. El-Kassas M. Klein S. Eskridge W. Fan J. Gawrieh S. Guy C.D. Harrison S.A. Kim S.U. Koot B.G. Korenjak M. Kowdley K.V. Lacaille F. Loomba R. Mitchell-Thain R. Morgan T.R. Powell E.E. Roden M. Romero-Gomez M. Silva M. Singh S.P. Sookoian S.C. Spearman C.W. Tiniakos D. Valenti L. Vos M.B. Wong V.W. Xanthakos S. Yilmaz Y. Younossi Z. Hobbs A. Villota-Rivas M. Newsome P.N. A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature.Hepatology. 2023; 78: 1966-1986Crossref PubMed Scopus (0) Google Scholar), respectively. While the extent of perceived stigma will vary across individuals and cultures and thus highly dependent on who is and the it is clear that the of stigmatizing can be it of stigma be (14Rinella M.E. Lazarus J.V. Ratziu V. Francque S.M. Sanyal A.J. Kanwal F. Romero D. Abdelmalek M.F. Anstee Q.M. Arab J.P. Arrese M. Bataller R. Beuers U. Boursier J. Bugianesi E. Byrne C.D. Narro G.E.C. Chowdhury A. Cortez-Pinto H. Cryer D.R. Cusi K. El-Kassas M. Klein S. Eskridge W. Fan J. Gawrieh S. Guy C.D. Harrison S.A. Kim S.U. Koot B.G. Korenjak M. Kowdley K.V. Lacaille F. Loomba R. Mitchell-Thain R. Morgan T.R. Powell E.E. Roden M. Romero-Gomez M. Silva M. Singh S.P. Sookoian S.C. Spearman C.W. Tiniakos D. Valenti L. Vos M.B. Wong V.W. Xanthakos S. Yilmaz Y. Younossi Z. Hobbs A. Villota-Rivas M. Newsome P.N. A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature.Ann. Hepatol. 2023; 29101133Google Scholar, 15Rinella M.E. Lazarus J.V. Ratziu V. Francque S.M. Sanyal A.J. Kanwal F. Romero D. Abdelmalek M.F. Anstee Q.M. Arab J.P. Arrese M. Bataller R. Beuers U. Boursier J. Bugianesi E. Byrne C.D. Castro Narro G.E. Chowdhury A. Cortez-Pinto H. Cryer D.R. Cusi K. El-Kassas M. Klein S. Eskridge W. Fan J. Gawrieh S. Guy C.D. Harrison S.A. Kim S.U. Koot B.G. Korenjak M. Kowdley K.V. Lacaille F. Loomba R. Mitchell-Thain R. Morgan T.R. Powell E.E. Roden M. Romero-Gomez M. Silva M. Singh S.P. Sookoian S.C. Spearman C.W. Tiniakos D. Valenti L. Vos M.B. Wong V.W. Xanthakos S. Yilmaz Y. Younossi Z. Hobbs A. Villota-Rivas M. Newsome P.N. A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature.J. Hepatol. 2023; Google Scholar, 16Rinella M.E. Lazarus J.V. Ratziu V. Francque S.M. Sanyal A.J. Kanwal F. Romero D. Abdelmalek M.F. Anstee Q.M. Arab J.P. Arrese M. Bataller R. Beuers U. Boursier J. Bugianesi E. Byrne C.D. Castro Narro G.E. Chowdhury A. Cortez-Pinto H. Cryer D.R. Cusi K. El-Kassas M. Klein S. Eskridge W. Fan J. Gawrieh S. Guy C.D. Harrison S.A. Kim S.U. Koot B.G. Korenjak M. Kowdley K.V. Lacaille F. Loomba R. Mitchell-Thain R. Morgan T.R. Powell E.E. Roden M. Romero-Gomez M. Silva M. Singh S.P. Sookoian S.C. Spearman C.W. Tiniakos D. Valenti L. Vos M.B. Wong V.W. Xanthakos S. Yilmaz Y. Younossi Z. Hobbs A. Villota-Rivas M. Newsome P.N. A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature.Hepatology. 2023; 78: 1966-1986Crossref PubMed Scopus (0) Google Scholar, S.A. K. Yilmaz Y. J. Romero-Gomez M. Fan El-Kassas M. L. C.J. W. V, S. B. S. S. H. A. Newsome Francque S. Spearman C.W. Arrese M. Silva M. Rinella M. S. M. Cusi K. Loomba R. J. Eskridge W. A. J.P. M. Y. M. L. L. F. L. A. M. Lazarus J.V. of stigma and with nonalcoholic fatty liver Hepatol. 2023; Full Text Full Text PDF Google Scholar). Alcohol is in and of the NAFLD diagnostic to for and respectively. from therapeutic and despite risk for liver outcomes and (1Rinella M.E. Neuschwander-Tetri B.A. Siddiqui M.S. Abdelmalek M.F. Caldwell S. Barb D. Kleiner D.E. Loomba R. AASLD Practice Guidance on the clinical assessment and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.Hepatology. 2023; 77: 1797-1835Crossref PubMed Scopus (173) Google Scholar, Anstee Q.M. R. B. Harrison S. D. A. E. A. Ratziu V. NAFLD and in the Hepatol. 2023; 78: Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (0) Google Scholar, A.J. A.E. S.P. Loomba R. H. of Nonalcoholic the Med. PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). there is a that there that to NAFLD and liver disease F. Byrne C.D. Pirola C.J. V. Sookoian S. Alcohol and metabolic and on liver Hepatol. 2023; 78: Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (0) Google Scholar). NAFLD was term that of was as a specific disease characterized by the of cardiometabolic risk factors the revised nomenclature term of steatotic liver disease to MASLD was considered from other of disease as as as with and alcohol associated liver disease as The to the of the nomenclature of NAFLD to the development of a global under the of the for the of Liver and the for the of the Liver in with the and other (14Rinella M.E. Lazarus J.V. Ratziu V. Francque S.M. Sanyal A.J. Kanwal F. Romero D. Abdelmalek M.F. Anstee Q.M. Arab J.P. Arrese M. Bataller R. Beuers U. Boursier J. Bugianesi E. Byrne C.D. Narro G.E.C. Chowdhury A. Cortez-Pinto H. Cryer D.R. Cusi K. El-Kassas M. Klein S. Eskridge W. Fan J. Gawrieh S. Guy C.D. Harrison S.A. Kim S.U. Koot B.G. Korenjak M. Kowdley K.V. Lacaille F. Loomba R. Mitchell-Thain R. Morgan T.R. Powell E.E. Roden M. Romero-Gomez M. Silva M. Singh S.P. Sookoian S.C. Spearman C.W. Tiniakos D. Valenti L. Vos M.B. Wong V.W. Xanthakos S. Yilmaz Y. Younossi Z. Hobbs A. Villota-Rivas M. Newsome P.N. A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature.Ann. Hepatol. 2023; 29101133Google Scholar, 15Rinella M.E. Lazarus J.V. Ratziu V. Francque S.M. Sanyal A.J. Kanwal F. Romero D. Abdelmalek M.F. Anstee Q.M. Arab J.P. Arrese M. Bataller R. Beuers U. Boursier J. Bugianesi E. Byrne C.D. Castro Narro G.E. Chowdhury A. Cortez-Pinto H. Cryer D.R. Cusi K. El-Kassas M. Klein S. Eskridge W. Fan J. Gawrieh S. Guy C.D. Harrison S.A. Kim S.U. Koot B.G. Korenjak M. Kowdley K.V. Lacaille F. Loomba R. Mitchell-Thain R. Morgan T.R. Powell E.E. Roden M. Romero-Gomez M. Silva M. Singh S.P. Sookoian S.C. Spearman C.W. Tiniakos D. Valenti L. Vos M.B. Wong V.W. Xanthakos S. Yilmaz Y. Younossi Z. Hobbs A. Villota-Rivas M. Newsome P.N. A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature.J. Hepatol. 2023; Google Scholar, 16Rinella M.E. Lazarus J.V. Ratziu V. Francque S.M. Sanyal A.J. Kanwal F. Romero D. Abdelmalek M.F. Anstee Q.M. Arab J.P. Arrese M. Bataller R. Beuers U. Boursier J. Bugianesi E. Byrne C.D. Castro Narro G.E. Chowdhury A. Cortez-Pinto H. Cryer D.R. Cusi K. El-Kassas M. Klein S. Eskridge W. Fan J. Gawrieh S. Guy C.D. Harrison S.A. Kim S.U. Koot B.G. Korenjak M. Kowdley K.V. Lacaille F. Loomba R. Mitchell-Thain R. Morgan T.R. Powell E.E. Roden M. Romero-Gomez M. Silva M. Singh S.P. Sookoian S.C. Spearman C.W. Tiniakos D. Valenti L. Vos M.B. Wong V.W. Xanthakos S. Yilmaz Y. Younossi Z. Hobbs A. Villota-Rivas M. Newsome P.N. A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature.Hepatology. 2023; 78: 1966-1986Crossref PubMed Scopus (0) Google Scholar). from and with from and to to be by the The process was by a in Delphi A.J. A.E. S.P. Loomba R. H. of Nonalcoholic the Med. PubMed Scopus Google Scholar, J.V. Romero D. C.J. S.A. R. Y. M. M. M. M. S. M. B. K. S. M. R. Singh S. M. S. A. A. A. A Delphi consensus to the PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). to a consensus on to the nomenclature and diagnostic for The a Delphi in with in to of across a of the Delphi and as The to when (1Rinella M.E. Neuschwander-Tetri B.A. Siddiqui M.S. Abdelmalek M.F. Caldwell S. Barb D. Kleiner D.E. Loomba R. AASLD Practice Guidance on the clinical assessment and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.Hepatology. 2023; 77: 1797-1835Crossref PubMed Scopus (173) Google Scholar) of the current nomenclature be T.C. Vilar-Gomez E. Petta S. Yilmaz Y. Wong G.L. Adams L.A. de L.,V. Sookoian S. Wong V.W. Geographical similarity and differences in the burden and genetic predisposition of NAFLD.Hepatology. 2023; 77: 1404-1427Crossref PubMed Scopus (26) Google Scholar) How is steatohepatitis in disease and (3Loomba R. Friedman S.L. Shulman G.I. Mechanisms and disease consequences of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.Cell. 2021; 184: 2537-2564Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (589) Google Scholar) How the of alcohol be E.E. Wong V.W. Rinella M. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Lancet. 2021; 397: 2212-2224Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (798) Google Scholar) How disease awareness, clinical and S. Pirola C.J. How Safe Is Moderate Alcohol Consumption in Overweight and Obese Individuals?.Gastroenterology. 2016; 150: 1698-1703Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (31) Google Scholar) a new name heterogeneity and (14Rinella M.E. Lazarus J.V. Ratziu V. Francque S.M. Sanyal A.J. Kanwal F. Romero D. Abdelmalek M.F. Anstee Q.M. Arab J.P. Arrese M. Bataller R. Beuers U. Boursier J. Bugianesi E. Byrne C.D. Narro G.E.C. Chowdhury A. Cortez-Pinto H. Cryer D.R. Cusi K. El-Kassas M. Klein S. Eskridge W. Fan J. Gawrieh S. Guy C.D. Harrison S.A. Kim S.U. Koot B.G. Korenjak M. Kowdley K.V. Lacaille F. Loomba R. Mitchell-Thain R. Morgan T.R. Powell E.E. Roden M. Romero-Gomez M. Silva M. Singh S.P. Sookoian S.C. Spearman C.W. Tiniakos D. Valenti L. Vos M.B. Wong V.W. Xanthakos S. Yilmaz Y. Younossi Z. Hobbs A. Villota-Rivas M. Newsome P.N. A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature.Ann. Hepatol. 2023; 29101133Google Scholar, 15Rinella M.E. Lazarus J.V. Ratziu V. Francque S.M. Sanyal A.J. Kanwal F. Romero D. Abdelmalek M.F. Anstee Q.M. Arab J.P. Arrese M. Bataller R. Beuers U. Boursier J. Bugianesi E. Byrne C.D. Castro Narro G.E. Chowdhury A. Cortez-Pinto H. Cryer D.R. Cusi K. El-Kassas M. Klein S. Eskridge W. Fan J. Gawrieh S. Guy C.D. Harrison S.A. Kim S.U. Koot B.G. Korenjak M. Kowdley K.V. Lacaille F. Loomba R. Mitchell-Thain R. Morgan T.R. Powell E.E. Roden M. Romero-Gomez M. Silva M. Singh S.P. Sookoian S.C. Spearman C.W. Tiniakos D. Valenti L. Vos M.B. Wong V.W. Xanthakos S. Yilmaz Y. Younossi Z. Hobbs A. Villota-Rivas M. Newsome P.N. A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature.J. Hepatol. 2023; Google Scholar, 16Rinella M.E. Lazarus J.V. Ratziu V. Francque S.M. Sanyal A.J. Kanwal F. Romero D. Abdelmalek M.F. Anstee Q.M. Arab J.P. Arrese M. Bataller R. Beuers U. Boursier J. Bugianesi E. Byrne C.D. Castro Narro G.E. Chowdhury A. Cortez-Pinto H. Cryer D.R. Cusi K. El-Kassas M. Klein S. Eskridge W. Fan J. Gawrieh S. Guy C.D. Harrison S.A. Kim S.U. Koot B.G. Korenjak M. Kowdley K.V. Lacaille F. Loomba R. Mitchell-Thain R. Morgan T.R. Powell E.E. Roden M. Romero-Gomez M. Silva M. Singh S.P. Sookoian S.C. Spearman C.W. Tiniakos D. Valenti L. Vos M.B. Wong V.W. Xanthakos S. Yilmaz Y. Younossi Z. Hobbs A. Villota-Rivas M. Newsome P.N. A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature.Hepatology. 2023; 78: 1966-1986Crossref PubMed Scopus (0) Google Scholar). The Delphi defined a the consensus of a for the of stigma and to the current a to the nomenclature, it have been to using to The in the diagnostic to on the of to of and thus to that of in NAFLD those in to the population (14Rinella M.E. Lazarus J.V. Ratziu V. Francque S.M. Sanyal A.J. Kanwal F. Romero D. Abdelmalek M.F. Anstee Q.M. Arab J.P. Arrese M. Bataller R. Beuers U. Boursier J. Bugianesi E. Byrne C.D. Narro G.E.C. Chowdhury A. Cortez-Pinto H. Cryer D.R. Cusi K. El-Kassas M. Klein S. Eskridge W. Fan J. Gawrieh S. Guy C.D. Harrison S.A. Kim S.U. Koot B.G. Korenjak M. Kowdley K.V. Lacaille F. Loomba R. Mitchell-Thain R. Morgan T.R. Powell E.E. Roden M. Romero-Gomez M. Silva M. Singh S.P. Sookoian S.C. Spearman C.W. Tiniakos D. Valenti L. Vos M.B. Wong V.W. Xanthakos S. Yilmaz Y. Younossi Z. Hobbs A. Villota-Rivas M. Newsome P.N. A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature.Ann. Hepatol. 2023; 29101133Google Scholar, 15Rinella M.E. Lazarus J.V. Ratziu V. Francque S.M. Sanyal A.J. Kanwal F. Romero D. Abdelmalek M.F. Anstee Q.M. Arab J.P. Arrese M. Bataller R. Beuers U. Boursier J. Bugianesi E. Byrne C.D. Castro Narro G.E. Chowdhury A. Cortez-Pinto H. Cryer D.R. Cusi K. El-Kassas M. Klein S. Eskridge W. Fan J. Gawrieh S. Guy C.D. Harrison S.A. Kim S.U. Koot B.G. Korenjak M. Kowdley K.V. Lacaille F. Loomba R. Mitchell-Thain R. Morgan T.R. Powell E.E. Roden M. Romero-Gomez M. Silva M. Singh S.P. Sookoian S.C. Spearman C.W. Tiniakos D. Valenti L. Vos M.B. Wong V.W. Xanthakos S. Yilmaz Y. Younossi Z. Hobbs A. Villota-Rivas M. Newsome P.N. A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature.J. Hepatol. 2023; Google Scholar, 16Rinella M.E. Lazarus J.V. Ratziu V. Francque S.M. Sanyal A.J. Kanwal F. Romero D. Abdelmalek M.F. Anstee Q.M. Arab J.P. Arrese M. Bataller R. Beuers U. Boursier J. Bugianesi E. Byrne C.D. Castro Narro G.E. Chowdhury A. Cortez-Pinto H. Cryer D.R. Cusi K. El-Kassas M. Klein S. Eskridge W. Fan J. Gawrieh S. Guy C.D. Harrison S.A. Kim S.U. Koot B.G. Korenjak M. Kowdley K.V. Lacaille F. Loomba R. Mitchell-Thain R. Morgan T.R. Powell E.E. Roden M. Romero-Gomez M. Silva M. Singh S.P. Sookoian S.C. Spearman C.W. Tiniakos D. Valenti L. Vos M.B. Wong V.W. Xanthakos S. Yilmaz Y. Younossi Z. Hobbs A. Villota-Rivas M. Newsome P.N. A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature.Hepatology. 2023; 78: 1966-1986Crossref PubMed Scopus (0) Google Scholar). Since the of the nomenclature consensus in various population community and have of the NAFLD using the for MASLD V. Boursier J. diagnostic not when from NAFLD to Hepatol. 2023; Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus Google Scholar, Wong G.L. Wong V.W. T.C. NAFLD under the new MASLD Hepatol. 2023; Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus Google Scholar, E. Kim M. B. S. E. D. and burden of the of steatotic liver disease in 2023; Google Scholar). The consensus was to the of NAFLD to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), now the of one of cardiometabolic risk factors in the of The exists, as it for NAFLD in the of be (14Rinella M.E. Lazarus J.V. Ratziu V. Francque S.M. Sanyal A.J. Kanwal F. Romero D. Abdelmalek M.F. Anstee Q.M. Arab J.P. Arrese M. Bataller R. Beuers U. Boursier J. Bugianesi E. Byrne C.D. Narro G.E.C. Chowdhury A. Cortez-Pinto H. Cryer D.R. Cusi K. El-Kassas M. Klein S. Eskridge W. Fan J. Gawrieh S. Guy C.D. Harrison S.A. Kim S.U. Koot B.G. Korenjak M. Kowdley K.V. Lacaille F. Loomba R. Mitchell-Thain R. Morgan T.R. Powell E.E. Roden M. Romero-Gomez M. Silva M. Singh S.P. Sookoian S.C. Spearman C.W. Tiniakos D. Valenti L. Vos M.B. Wong V.W. Xanthakos S. Yilmaz Y. Younossi Z. Hobbs A. Villota-Rivas M. Newsome P.N. A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature.Ann. Hepatol. 2023; 29101133Google Scholar, 15Rinella M.E. Lazarus J.V. Ratziu V. Francque S.M. Sanyal A.J. Kanwal F. Romero D. Abdelmalek M.F. Anstee Q.M. Arab J.P. Arrese M. Bataller R. Beuers U. Boursier J. Bugianesi E. Byrne C.D. Castro Narro G.E. Chowdhury A. Cortez-Pinto H. Cryer D.R. Cusi K. El-Kassas M. Klein S. Eskridge W. Fan J. Gawrieh S. Guy C.D. Harrison S.A. Kim S.U. Koot B.G. Korenjak M. Kowdley K.V. Lacaille F. Loomba R. Mitchell-Thain R. Morgan T.R. Powell E.E. Roden M. Romero-Gomez M. Silva M. Singh S.P. Sookoian S.C. Spearman C.W. Tiniakos D. Valenti L. Vos M.B. Wong V.W. Xanthakos S. Yilmaz Y. Younossi Z. Hobbs A. Villota-Rivas M. Newsome P.N. A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature.J. Hepatol. 2023; Google Scholar, 16Rinella M.E. Lazarus J.V. Ratziu V. Francque S.M. Sanyal A.J. Kanwal F. Romero D. Abdelmalek M.F. Anstee Q.M. Arab J.P. Arrese M. Bataller R. Beuers U. Boursier J. Bugianesi E. Byrne C.D. Castro Narro G.E. Chowdhury A. Cortez-Pinto H. Cryer D.R. Cusi K. El-Kassas M. Klein S. Eskridge W. Fan J. Gawrieh S. Guy C.D. Harrison S.A. Kim S.U. Koot B.G. Korenjak M. Kowdley K.V. Lacaille F. Loomba R. Mitchell-Thain R. Morgan T.R. Powell E.E. Roden M. Romero-Gomez M. Silva M. Singh S.P. Sookoian S.C. Spearman C.W. Tiniakos D. Valenti L. Vos M.B. Wong V.W. Xanthakos S. Yilmaz Y. Younossi Z. Hobbs A. Villota-Rivas M. Newsome P.N. A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature.Hepatology. 2023; 78: 1966-1986Crossref PubMed Scopus (0) Google Scholar). liver disease was as the term to the various of The term was for those not for MASLD a specific that be in the as more The new to not the of the of thus can While not the of the nomenclature it is that in the not be to it will to of disease. the current consensus process to for steatohepatitis and disease The diagnosis of with when is will be on for to with and with significant who not have have as part of the nomenclature, the The new nomenclature the "nonalcoholic" and accurately liver disease to metabolic factors, to as of the metabolic implications. the disease with it is to a clear and on the cardiometabolic that associated with insulin resistance and the other is more than using a diagnosis of exclusion and it for to Additionally, it in the therapeutic to be as as the risk factors for disease from a and It has been to a that the criteria. a term that the of the disease has to be a it was that MASLD with the NAFLD population V. Boursier J. diagnostic not when from NAFLD to Hepatol. 2023; Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus Google Scholar, Wong G.L. Wong V.W. T.C. NAFLD under the new MASLD Hepatol. 2023; Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus Google Scholar). The new for of as the of research and the of of NAFLD has remained can be to factors, of risk of disease progression and of those with disease and a that fatty liver is a to understanding that it is not a using terminology that to disease the to The in the of the first treatment for has to risk for progression who be for can and will be to of the new nomenclature by and of the new nomenclature and of is as is by and medical the new nomenclature has been by is to to into medical and other of medical The to is the and to for as as have on the of who to to the of Lipid to the nomenclature and of in and of to the term steatotic than ‘fatty’ in for and the of

Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.