Growth and Safety in Term Infants Fed Reduced‐Protein Formula with Added Bovine Alpha‐Lactalbumin
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
ABSTRACT Objective To assess growth, tolerance, and biochemical measures of protein status in term infants fed an experimental formula with reduced total protein concentration and enriched in bovine alpha‐lactalbumin prepared from an alpha‐lactalbumin dominant bovine whey. Methods Healthy, term, exclusively formula‐fed infants ≤14 days postnatal age, between 10th and 90th percentiles in weight and length for age were studied in this randomized, masked, multicenter study. Infants received ad libitum feedings of either experimental or control formula for 12 weeks. Adverse events and acceptability of formulas were assessed every 2 weeks. Weight, length, and head circumference were measured at baseline and every 4 weeks. Serum creatinine, albumin, and blood urea nitrogen were assessed at baseline and study completion. Anthropometric measures were compared to Centers for Disease Control reference ranges using Z scores. Results One hundred ninety‐three infants were enrolled. One hundred thirty‐four completed the protocol. Seventy‐two received experimental formula, and 62 received control formula. The mean baseline body weight was higher in infants fed experimental formula (P = 0.042), so baseline weight was used as a covariate in statistical analyses. There were no differences between groups in gains in weight, length, or head circumference during the study. Mean serum albumin and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were similar at study initiation. At study completion, serum albumin levels were the same in both groups, whereas BUN was significantly higher in infants fed control formula (P = 0.0016). More infants fed control (n = 20) than experimental (n = 15) formula discontinued the study because of adverse events. There were no differences in the adverse event profiles of the groups completing the study. Most of the adverse events were mild and resolved without treatment or sequelae. Acceptability and tolerance of the experimental formula was greater than the control formula, except at 2 weeks. Unacceptable ratings ranged from 0% to 10% (mean, 4.1%) in the experimental formula group and from 1.6% to 14.1% (mean, 7.0%) in the control formula group. Conclusions Growth and serum albumin were comparable in infants fed experimental and control formulas for the first 12 weeks of life, suggesting adequate protein nutrition from the alpha‐lactalbumin–rich formula, despite its lower total protein content. Growth and adverse events data support the safety of the experimental formula. Fewer discontinuations and unsatisfactory ratings among infants fed the experimental formula suggest that it is better tolerated than control formula.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».