Minstrelsy in noble and ecclesiastical households
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The domestic context Any householder is the head of a household, whatever its size. A small household may have little or no structure, but it will have financial or bartering transactions, and the building must be maintained. If a household employs servants there are wages to be paid, and at a certain size of the household some records are needed. Records may be secretarial or financial, and they depend on someone in the household (or someone brought in from outside) being literate and numerate. The households that concern us here are all of a considerable size. The king's household usually comprised around four hundred people, and some noble households approached the king's in size. In 4 Ed III the king gave liveries to a total of 669 persons, who would include members of dependent households and some servants who were not permanent members of any household. Many noble households supported minstrels – this livery-list named nineteen, as well as a waferer and three vigiles – and these roughly divide into three categories. First, the minstrels regularly employed by the head of the household, taking wages and annual fees, and normally being granted a livery in exchange for their allegiance to the principal; and some local minstrels employed, perhaps regularly, on an ad hoc basis. Second, the minstrels of important visitors, treated as honoured members of the visiting household: they normally performed during their visit, and would be rewarded accordingly. Third, some independent minstrels, or liveried minstrels not travelling with their patron or employer, would seek hospitality. These might be sent away without performing, perhaps receiving a small sum in compensation; or they might be allowed to perform, in which case they would be rewarded with money and a meal. All three categories of minstrel appear in the household accounts, although one cannot always identify the category to which a particular minstrel belonged. We have so far discussed only royal households, but both the secular and the ecclesiastical nobility maintained households that included minstrels. Some bishops and abbots kept at least one still minstrel as a personal household servant, and many gave rewards to visiting minstrels.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,006 | 0,006 |
| Communication savante | 0,003 | 0,002 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,006 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,027 | 0,002 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».