Distribution and demographics of mysids (Crustacea: Mysida) as prey for gray whales ( <i>Eschrichtius robustus</i> ) in northwest Washington state
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Background The movement and distribution of gray whales ( Eschrichtius robustus ) during the feeding season is likely dependent on the quality of foraging opportunities and the distribution of prey species. These dynamics are especially important to understand for the Pacific Coast Feeding Group (PCFG) of gray whales which spend the feeding season along the coast from northern California, USA through northern British Columbia, Canada. In Washington state, no previous work has been done to describe available gray whale prey. The main goal of this research was to initiate studies on an important gray whale prey item in northwest Washington, mysid shrimp (Mysida), by establishing a baseline understanding of mysid swarm demographics in the area and investigating patterns in gray whale and mysid presence. Methods Prey samples were collected during June through November 2019 and June through September 2020 using a vertically-towed plankton net at seven sites in the Strait of Juan de Fuca and seven sites in the Pacific Ocean in areas where gray whales were known to feed. Mysids collected in the samples were counted and the sex, length, species, maturity, and gravidity were documented. Patterns in gray whale and mysid co-occurrence were explored through data visualization. Results Seven species of mysids were observed in the survey area. In 2019, the number of mysids per tow increased steadily through the season, the most abundant species of mysids were Holmesimysis sculpta and Neomysis rayii , and sampled mysids averaged 4.7 mm in length. In 2020, mysids were abundant in tow samples in June and July but were not abundant in the remaining months of the sampling season. The average length of mysids in 2020 was 13.3 mm, and a large portion were sexually mature males and brooded females identified as H. sculpta . Throughout the survey area, the majority of whale sightings occurred later in the season in 2019 and earlier in the season in 2020, coinciding with the trends of sampled mysids. Discussion This study provides the first description of mysid swarm composition and temporal variation in northwest Washington. Tows were dominated by a similar assemblage of mysid species as what is observed in other areas of the PCFG range. The differences in sampled mysid assemblages between years, and the presence of whales in the survey area in times and at sites where samples with high mysid counts were collected, suggest evidence for interesting predator-prey dynamics that warrant further investigation.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».