Maternal Parasympathetic Regulation During Dyadic Stress: Associations with Emotional Availability, Maternal Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms, and Infant Distress
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Background: Parents, often mothers, are the primary regulators of infant emotion and physiology. Maternal self-regulation is central to the regulation of another, particularly during stress. Appropriate flexibility in the parasympathetic nervous system (indexed via respiratory sinus arrhythmia, RSA) is associated with positive self-regulation. This dissertation aimed to better understand the factors that influence a mother’s parasympathetic regulation during dyadic stress. Method: A community sample of 83 mother-infant dyads participated in two visits as part of a larger longitudinal study. During the first visit, at infant age 6 months, dyads were filmed as they interacted for 30-minutes at home. This interaction was later coded for maternal caregiving behaviour using the Emotional Availability Scales. Data on maternal self-reported symptoms of depression and anxiety were also collected. During the second visit, at 6.5 months, dyads participated in an experimental stressor, the still face procedure, involving three episodes: baseline interaction; a still face episode wherein a mother is instructed to remain unresponsive to the infant; and a reunion episode, wherein the mother and infant re-establish interaction. Infant distress (coded in 1 second intervals) and maternal RSA data were collected. Multilevel models assessed maternal RSA trajectories and their relation to maternal factors and infant distress in the still face and reunion episodes. Results: In the still face episode, maternal depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms and infant distress interacted to predict maternal RSA. Mothers with fewer symptoms of depression and anxiety showed appropriate RSA withdrawal in the context of infant distress, consistent with an adaptive physiological response. In comparison, mothers with more depressive symptoms and high or low anxiety symptoms had increasing RSA trajectories in this context, suggesting less adequate physiological mobilization. Mothers with fewer depressive symptoms and high anxiety symptoms displayed the steepest RSA withdrawal in this episode, suggesting parasympathetic hyperarousal. In the reunion episode, maternal depressive symptoms and emotional availability interacted to predict maternal RSA trajectories. Mothers with fewer depressive symptoms and greater emotional availability displayed trajectories that were consistent with physiological mobilization at the start of the reunion and recovery towards the end. In comparison, mothers with greater depressive symptoms and less emotional availability displayed limited physiological mobilization at the start of the reunion and less physiological recovery towards the end. Conclusions: Findings illustrate the importance of assessing: (i) physiological regulation dynamically, (ii) maternal mood, anxiety, and caregiving in interaction, and (iii) self-regulation in the context of co-regulation. Further, these results highlight differential parental task demands between the still face episode and the reunion episode. Public health implications and future research are discussed.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,002 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».