Producer Acid Stimulation to Remove Near Wellbore Damage in Unconsolidated Sandstone Reservoirs: Lessons Learned, Best Practices and Challenges in Penglai Oilfield, Bohai Bay
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract This study investigates the evolution of acid stimulation to remove the near wellbore damage in producers at Penglai Oilfield which is the largest offshore oilfield in China. The near-wellbore plugging has been observed in certain wells within the unconsolidated sandstone reservoir. So far, producer acid stimulation has been performed in over 200 wells. This paper will review the design change, lessons learned, current best practices and challenges in acid stimulations. Producer acid stimulation in Penglai Oilfield was first executed in two wells through coiled tubing in 2007 with positive outcomes. Since then, acid stimulation designs have improved as more studies were performed and field trials were made, such as larger acid volume to increase the treated radius, customized acid recipe for effective removal of solids, modified procedures for flowback into FPSO, and improved execution methods through selective production string, coiled tubing, sliding sleeve, or ESP-bypass, etc. An acid stimulation database is created to aggregate well parameters, formation properties, stimulation design variables, and productivity matrices. Various designs were evaluated using the integrated database to guide the future improvements. This study shows that both hydrofluoric (HF) based acid system and a new chelant fluid system prove to be effective in removing the near wellbore plugging for the Penglai field. Laboratory evaluation of acid systems serves its purpose for initial benchmarking; but it loses fidelity in testing conditions that are not realistic to reflect the complicated environment of rapidly varying lithology, scales, waterflooding, etc. Therefore, continuous evaluation, summarization, and optimization of the results of the previous treatments are vital factors contributing to the ongoing improvement of acidization effectiveness in the Penglai Oilfield. This study also highlights the continuous optimization of handling emulsion issues after acidizing. The flowback stream right after stimulation is depressurized and filtered, then directed into the injectors. This practice mitigates the issues in FPSO caused by the acid stimulation and has no impact to the designated injectors. This study showcases significant advancements in acid diversion techniques, specifically emulsion diversion, resulting in improved acid distribution across intervals exceeding 500 feet in thickness. These advancements have been implemented since 2022 and have yielded highly encouraging production outcomes. This study presents an innovative method that solved the emulsion challenges after acid stimulation through flowing back into water injectors after processing the stream.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».