Discontinuum models for the structural and seismic assessment of unreinforced masonry structures: a critical appraisal
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Notice bibliographique
Résumé
In the last few decades, discontinuum (or discrete, discontinuous) numerical modelling strategies – i.e. those capable of representing the motion of multiple, intersecting discontinuities explicitly – have become increasingly popular for the structural and seismic assessment of unreinforced masonry (URM) structures. The automatic recognition of new contact points and prediction of large deformations up to complete separation are unique features of discontinuum-based models, making them particularly suitable for unit-by-unit simulations. The adaptation of discrete computational models, primarily used for analyzing rock mechanics and geomechanics problems, to the conservation, structural and earthquake engineering evaluation of URM assemblies is still ongoing, and recent advances in computer-aided technologies are accelerating significantly their adoption. Researchers have now developed fracture energy-based contact models tailored to unreinforced masonry mechanics, explored discontinuum analysis from the mortar joint- to the 3D building-level, combined discrete modelling strategies with analytical or continuum approaches, integrated the latest structural health monitoring and image-based developments into discontinuum-based analysis framework. Concurrently, new and still unsolved issues have also arisen, including the selection of appropriate damping schemes, degree of idealization and discretization strategies, identification of appropriate lab or onsite tests to infer meaningful equivalent mechanical input parameters. This paper offers to the research and industry communities an updated critical appraisal and practical guidelines on the use of discontinuum-based structural and seismic assessment strategies for URM structures, providing opportunities to uncover future key research paths. First, masonry mechanics and discontinuum-based idealization options are discussed by considering micro-, meso- and macro-scale modelling strategies. Pragmatic suggestions are provided to select appropriate input parameters essential to model masonry composite and its constituents at different scales. Then, discontinuum approaches are classified based on their formulation, focusing on the Distinct Element Method (DEM), Applied Element Method (AEM) and Non-Smooth Contact Dynamics (NSCD), and an overview of primary differences, capabilities, pros and cons are thoroughly discussed. Finally, previous discontinuum-based analyses of URM small-scale specimens, isolated planar or curved components, assemblies or complex structures are critically reviewed and compared in terms of adopted strategies and relevant outcomes. This paper presents to new and experienced analysts an in-depth summary of what modern discontinuum-based tools can provide to the structural and earthquake engineering fields, practical guidelines on implementing robust and meaningful modelling strategies at various scales, and potential future research directions.
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Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découle